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Hot oil and hot components can cause personal injury. Do not allow hot oil or hot components to contact the skin. |
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Ensure that the engine is stopped before performing this procedure. Attach a DO NOT OPERATE tag to the starting controls. |
Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Engine Oil Sample - Obtain" for information about the timing of the engine oil and filter change. Changing the engine oil and filter should be based on the results of the S·O·S oil testing. Always change the oil filter when the engine oil is changed.
Do not drain the oil when the engine is cold. As the oil cools, suspended waste particles settle on the bottom of the oil pan. The waste particles are not removed when the cold oil is drained. Drain the crankcase with the oil warm, immediately after the engine is stopped. This method of draining allows the waste particles that are suspended in the oil to be drained.
Failure to follow this recommended procedure will cause the waste particles to be recirculated through the engine lubrication system with the new oil.
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| Illustration 1 | g00781251 |
(1) Oil filler cap (2) Oil filter (3) Oil level gauge (dipstick) (4) Oil drain | |
Drain the Engine Oil
- After the engine has been operated at normal operating temperature, STOP the engine.
- Drain the oil.
- If the engine has an oil drain valve, open the valve in order to drain the oil. After the oil has drained, close the valve.
- If the engine does not have a drain valve, remove an oil drain plug. Allow the oil to drain.
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Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are contained during performance of inspection, maintenance, testing, adjusting, and repair of the product. Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable containers before opening any compartment or disassembling any component containing fluids. Refer to Special Publication, NENG2500, "Dealer Service Tool Catalog" for tools and supplies suitable to collect and contain fluids on Cat products. Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations and mandates. |
Replace the Oil Filter
- Remove the oil filter with a 1U-8760 Chain Wrench .
- Cut the oil filter open with a 175-7546 Cutter Group . Break apart the pleats and inspect the oil filter for metal debris.
An excessive amount of metal debris in the oil filter may indicate early wear or a pending failure.
Use a magnet to differentiate between the ferrous metals and the nonferrous metals that are found in the oil filter element. Ferrous metals may indicate wear on the steel and cast iron parts of the engine.
Nonferrous metals may indicate wear on the aluminum parts, brass parts, or bronze parts of the engine. Parts that may be affected include the following items: main bearings, rod bearings, turbocharger bearings and cylinder heads.
Aluminum debris may indicate problems with the bearings of the front gears. If you find aluminum debris, inspect the vibration damper and the idler gear bearings.
Due to normal wear and friction, it is not uncommon to find small amounts of debris in the oil filter element. If an excessive amount of debris is found in the oil filter element, consult your Caterpillar dealer in order to arrange for further oil analysis.
- Clean the sealing surface of the filter mounting base. Ensure that all of the old oil filter gasket is removed.
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| Illustration 2 | g00103713 |
Typical filter mounting base and filter gasket | |
- Apply clean engine oil to the new oil filter gasket.
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Caterpillar oil filters are built to Caterpillar specifications. Use of an oil filter not recommended by Caterpillar could result in severe engine damage to the engine bearings, crankshaft, etc., as a result of the larger waste particles from unfiltered oil entering the engine lubricating system. Only use oil filters recommended by Caterpillar. |
- Install the oil filter. Tighten the oil filter until the oil filter gasket contacts the base. Tighten the oil filter by hand according to the instructions that are shown on the oil filter. Do not overtighten the oil filter.
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Do not fill the oil filters with oil before installing them. This oil would not be filtered and could be contaminated. Contaminated oil can cause accelerated wear to engine components. |
Fill the Engine Crankcase
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Only use oils that are recommended by Caterpillar. For the proper oil to use, refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Refill Capacities and Recommendations" topic (Maintenance Section). |
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Engine damage can occur if the crankcase is filled above the "FULL" mark on the oil level gauge (dipstick). An overfull crankcase can cause the crankshaft to dip into the oil. This will reduce the power that is developed and also force air bubbles into the oil. These bubbles (foam) can cause the following problems: reduction of the oil's ability to lubricate, reduction of oil pressure, inadequate cooling, oil blowing out of the crankcase breathers and excessive oil consumption. Excessive oil consumption will cause deposits to form on the pistons and in the combustion chamber. Deposits in the combustion chamber lead to the following problems: guttering of the valves, packing of carbon under the piston rings and wear of the cylinder liner. If the oil level is above the "FULL" mark on the oil level gauge, drain some of the oil immediately. |
- Remove the oil filler cap. Fill the crankcase with the proper amount of oil. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Refill Capacities and Recommendations" topic (Maintenance Section).
- Close the fuel supply line. Crank the engine until normal oil pressure shows on the oil pressure gauge. Open the fuel supply line.
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To prevent crankshaft damage or bearing damage, crank the engine with the fuel supply line closed. This will ensure that all of the oil filters are filled with oil before the engine is started. Do not crank the engine for more than 30 seconds. Allow the starting motor to cool for two minutes before cranking again. |
- Start the engine according to this Operating and Maintenance Manual, "Starting the Engine" procedure (Operation Section). Operate the engine at low idle rpm for 2 minutes.
The 2 minutes of operation ensure that the lubrication system has oil and that the oil filters are filled. Inspect the engine for oil leaks.
- Stop the engine and allow the oil to drain back to the sump for a minimum of 10 minutes.
- Remove the oil level gauge and check the oil level. Maintain the oil level between the "ADD" and "FULL" marks on the "ENGINE STOPPED" side of the oil level gauge.