Engine events are abnormal engine operating conditions such as low oil pressure or high coolant temperature. If an engine event is detected by the engine's Electronic Control Module (ECM), the ECM will generate a code. The code can be an event code if the technician is monitoring the code over the Cat Data Link or a Suspect Parameter Number (SPN) - Failure Mode Identifier (FMI) code if the technician is monitoring the code over the CAN data link. The codes aid the service technician in identifying the nature of the problem. The technician must have access to a diagnostic tool to read information about the code. There are two types of data links that are used for communication with the engine ECM. Each data link displays the code in a different way. The data links are described below.
The Cat Data Link is used by the engine's ECM to communicate with Caterpillar controllers or display modules. Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) is a software program that is designed to run on a personal computer. Cat ET can be used by the service technician to view information about an event code that is generated by the engine's ECM. The following term describes the elements of the event code:
Event Code - The "E" identifies the code as an event code. The "XXX(X)" represents a numeric identifier for the event code. The fourth "(X)" assigns one of three levels to the active event code according to the severity of the abnormal system condition. This is followed by a description of the code. Refer to the following example:
- E360(1) Low Engine Oil Pressure
- E360(2) Low Engine Oil Pressure
- E360(3) Low Engine Oil Pressure
Three possible responses may be available for each parameter. Some of the responses are not available for some of the parameters. Refer to Table 1.
| Indicators (1), (2), and (3) | |
|---|---|
| Warning Category Indicator | Severity |
| (1) | Least Severe |
| (2) | Moderate Severity |
| (3) | Most Severe |
The definition for the levels of severity for an event are defined below:
Level (1) - Level (1) requires no immediate action. The system may need attention soon. The operator should check the involved system condition or the operator should perform maintenance on the involved system at the earliest possible time.
Level (2) - Level (2) requires a change in the operation of the engine or the performance of a maintenance procedure. Failure to correct the problem that causedthis warning may result in damage to the engine components.
Level (3) - Level (3) requires an immediate safe shutdown of the engine to avoid damage to the engine or injury to personnel around the engine. The problem that caused the event must be corrected before engine operation can resume.
The CAN data link is used by the engine's ECM to communicate with aftermarket controllers or display modules. The CAN data link is referred to as the J1939 data link. When a diagnostic code is activated, the ECM can transmit information about the code over the J1939 data link to aftermarket controllers. The code will be displayed as a two-element code. The following terms describe the elements of the code:
SPN - The SPN is a numerical code which is assigned to each component to identify data via the data link to the ECM.
FMI - The FMI is a numerical code that indicates the type of failure.
Cross-Reference Information for Codes
Table 2 is a list of the event codes for the engine. The event codes are cross-referenced with the appropriate procedure that can be used to troubleshoot the code. A further explanation of event codes and the engine's monitoring system are described after Table 2.
Portions of this material are reprinted with permission from SAE J1939DA_201607 © 2016 SAE International. SAE International is not responsible for any use or translation of this material, in whole or in part. Please contact SAE International to obtain a complete copy of SAE J1939DA_201607, the official definitive source of this standard.
| Cross-Reference from Code to Troubleshooting Procedure | ||
|---|---|---|
| Event Code | SPN-FMI Code | Troubleshooting Procedure |
| E004(3) Engine Overspeed Shutdown | 190-0 | Troubleshooting, "Engine Overspeeds" |
| E007(2) High Aftercooler Temperature Derate | 52-16 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E008(3) High Aftercooler Temperature Shutdown | 52-0 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E009(2) High Altitude Derate | 108-16 | Troubleshooting, "High Altitude Derate Occurrance" |
| E012(2) High Crankcase Pressure Derate | 101-16 | Troubleshooting, "Crankcase Pressure Is High" |
| E013(3) High Crankcase Pressure Shutdown | 101-0 | Troubleshooting, "Crankcase Pressure Is High" |
| E015(2) High Engine Coolant Temperature Derate | 110-16 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E016(3) High Engine Coolant Temperature Shutdown | 110-0 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E017(1) High Engine Coolant Temperature Warning | 110-15 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E021(2) High Exhaust Temperature Derate | 173-16 | Troubleshooting, "Exhaust Temperature Is High" |
| E031(2) Air Filter Restriction Derate | 107-16 | Troubleshooting, "Inlet Air Is Restricted" |
| E038(1) Low Engine Coolant Temperature Warning | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is Low" | |
| E040(3) Low Engine Oil Pressure Shutdown | 100-1 | Troubleshooting, "Oil Pressure Is Low" |
| E043(1) Low System Voltage Warning | 158-17 | Troubleshooting, "Electrical Power Supply - Test" |
| E085(1) Engine Shutdown Overridden | 1237-31 | Troubleshooting, "Protection Override - Test" |
| E095(1) Fuel Filter Restriction Warning | 95-15 | Troubleshooting, "Fuel Filter Is Restricted" |
| E097(1) Engine Derate Overridden | 971-31 | Troubleshooting, "Protection Override - Test" |
| E099(1) Engine Oil Filter Restriction Warning | 99-15 | Troubleshooting, "Oil Filter Differential Pressure Problem" |
| E100(1) Low Engine Oil Pressure Warning | 100-17 | Troubleshooting, "Oil Pressure Is Low" |
| E101(1) High Crankcase Pressure Warning | 101-15 | Troubleshooting, "Crankcase Pressure Is High" |
| E162(1) High Boost Pressure | 102-15 | Troubleshooting, "Boost Pressure Is High" |
| E162(2) High Boost Pressure | Troubleshooting, "Boost Pressure Is High" | |
| E173(1) High Exhaust Temperature Warning | 173-15 | Troubleshooting, "Exhaust Temperature Is High" |
| E190(1) Engine Overspeed Warning | 190-15 | Troubleshooting, "Engine Overspeeds" |
| E197(1) High Engine Oil Temperature | 175-15 | Troubleshooting, "Oil Temperature Is High" |
| E197(2) High Engine Oil Temperature | Troubleshooting, "Oil Temperature Is High" | |
| E197(3) High Engine Oil Temperature | 175-0 | Troubleshooting, "Oil Temperature Is High" |
| E198(3) Low Fuel Pressure | 94-1 | Troubleshooting, "Fuel Pressure Is Low" |
| E255(1) Diagnostic Reset | Troubleshooting, "Protection Override - Test" | |
| E264(3) Emergency Stop Activated | 970-31 | Troubleshooting, "Emergency Stop (Remote) - Test" |
| E272(1) Inlet Air Restriction Warning | 107-15 | Troubleshooting, "Inlet Air Is Restricted" |
| E279(1) High Aftercooler Temperature Warning | 52-15 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Temperature Is High" |
| E2087(3) Air Intake Shutoff Closed | 555-0 | Troubleshooting, "Air Shutoff - Test" |
| E2088(1) Air Intake Shutoff Detection Circuit Detected but Not Installed | 556-15 | Troubleshooting, "Air Shutoff - Test" |
| E2109(1) Secondary ECM Took Control | The secondary ECM has assumed control of the engine. | |
| E2112(1) Low Engine Coolant Pressure | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Pressure Is Low" | |
| E2143(1) Low Engine Coolant Level | 111-17 | Troubleshooting, "Coolant Level - Test" |
An active event code represents a problem with engine operation. Correct the problem as soon as possible.
Active event codes are listed in ascending numerical order. The code with the lowest number is listed first.
Illustration 1 is an example of the operating range of a temperature sensor. Do not use the Illustration to troubleshoot temperature sensors.
| |
| Illustration 1 | g01785898 |
|
Example of the typical operating range of a sensor (1) This area represents the normal operating range of the engine parameter. (2) In this area, the engine is operating in an unsafe operating range of the monitored parameter. An event code will be generated for the monitored parameter. The sensor circuit does not have an electronic problem. (3) In these areas, the signal from the sensor is outside of the operating range of the sensor. The sensor circuit has an electronic problem. A diagnostic code will be generated for the sensor circuit. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Diagnostic Trouble Codes" for additional information on diagnostic codes. | |
When the Electronic Control Module (ECM) generates an event code, the ECM logs the code in permanent memory. The ECM has an internal diagnostic clock. The ECM will record the following information when an event code is generated:
- The hour of the first occurrence of the code
- The hour of the last occurrence of the code
- The number of occurrences of the code
Logged events are listed in chronological order. The most recent event code is listed first.
This information can be helpful for troubleshooting intermittent problems. Logged codes can also be used to review the performance of the engine.
A code is cleared from memory when one of the following conditions occur:
- The code does not recur for 100 hours.
- A new code is logged and there are already ten codes in memory. In this case, the oldest code is cleared.
- The service technician manually clears the code.
Always clear logged event codes after investigating and correcting the problem which generated the code.
For basic troubleshooting of the engine, perform the following steps to diagnose a malfunction:
- Obtain the following information about the complaint:
- The event and the time of the event
- Determine the conditions for the event. The conditions will include the engine rpm and the load.
- Determine if there are any systems that were installed by the dealer or by the customer that could cause the event.
- Determine whether any additional events occurred.
- Verify that the complaint is not due to normal engine operation. Verify that the complaint is not due to error of the operator.
- Narrow the probable cause. Consider the operator information, the conditions of operation, and the history of the engine.
- Perform a visual inspection. Inspect the following items:
- Fuel supply
- Oil level
- Oil supply
- Wiring
- Connectors
Be sure to check the connectors. This is important for problems that are intermittent. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical Connectors - Inspect".
If these steps do not resolve the problem, refer to Table 2 for the procedure to troubleshoot the event code.
Trip Points for the "Caterpillar Monitoring System"
The engine monitoring system is a function of the engine's ECM that monitors the operating parameters of the engine. The monitoring system determines the level of action that is taken by the ECM in response to a condition that can damage the engine. When any of these conditions occur, the appropriate event code will be generated.
Some of the setpoints for the parameters may be programmable by the technician. You must access the engine monitoring system on Cat ET to view the current settings for the parameters that are monitored by the engine monitoring system. For more information on the engine monitoring system, refer to Troubleshooting, "Engine Monitoring System".
Table 3 contains the default settings for the codes that can be generated by the ECM. Most of the codes will coincide with a parameter that is monitored by the engine monitoring system. Some of the codes may be generated from a switched input or generated from calculated values that are based on multiple sensor inputs. These types of codes would not coincide with a parameter that is shown on the engine monitoring system. Table 3 also contains the minimum and maximum ranges for the codes.
| Monitoring System Parameters | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | Action | Delay Time in Seconds | Trip Point | Default State | ||||
| Min | Max | Default | Min | Max | Default | |||
| E004(3) Engine Overspeed Shutdown | Shutdown | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1200 | 2400 | 2070 | On |
| E007(2) High Aftercooler Temperature Derate | Derate(1) | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E008(3) High Aftercooler Temperature Shutdown | Shutdown | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E009(2) High Altitude Derate | Derate(2) | N/A | N/A | 0 | |
|
|
Off |
| E012(2) High Crankcase Pressure Derate | Derate(3) | 1 | 60 | 10 | |
|
|
Off |
| E013(3) High Crankcase Pressure Shutdown | Shutdown | 1 | 60 | 3 | |
|
|
Off |
| E015(2) High Engine Coolant Temperature Derate | Derate(1) | 1 | 60 | 30 | |
|
|
Off |
| E016(3) High Engine Coolant Temperature Shutdown | Shutdown | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E017(1) High Engine Coolant Temperature Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E021(2) High Exhaust Temperature Derate | Derate(4) | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E031(2) Air Filter Restriction Derate | Derate | 1 | 60 | 5 | N/A | N/A | |
Off |
| E038(1) Low Engine Coolant Temperature Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E040(3) Low Engine Oil Pressure Shutdown | Shutdown | 1 | 15 | 9 | N/A | N/A | (5) | On |
| E043(1) Low System Voltage Warning | Warning | 1 | 30 | 10 | 20 VDC | 22 VDC | 20 VDC | On |
| E085(1) Engine Shutdown Overridden | Warning | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | On |
| E095(1) Fuel Filter Restriction Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E097(1) Engine Derate Overridden | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | On |
| E099(1) Engine Oil Filter Restriction Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E100(1) Low Engine Oil Pressure Warning | Warning | 1 | 15 | 4 | N/A | N/A | (5) | On |
| E101(1) High Crankcase Pressure Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 3 | |
|
|
Off |
| E162(1) High Boost Pressure | Warning | N/A | N/A | 0 | |
|
|
Off |
| E162(2) High Boost Pressure | Derate(6) | N/A | N/A | 0 | |
|
|
Off |
| E173(1) High Exhaust Temperature Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E190(1) Engine Overspeed Warning | Warning | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1200 rpm | 2400 rpm | 2070 | On |
| E197(1) High Engine Oil Temperature | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E197(2) High Engine Oil Temperature | Derate(1) | 1 | 60 | 30 | |
|
|
Off |
| E197(3) High Engine Oil Temperature | Shutdown | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
Off |
| E198(3) Low Fuel Pressure | Shutdown | N/A | N/A | 20 | N/A | N/A | |
Off |
| E255(1) Diagnostic Reset | Warning | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | On |
| E264(3) Emergency Stop Activated | Warning | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | On |
| E272(1) Inlet Air Restriction Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E279(1) High Aftercooler Temperature Warning | Warning | 1 | 60 | 5 | |
|
|
On |
| E2087(3) Air Intake Shutoff Closed | Shutdown | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Open/Closed | On |
| E2088(1) Air Intake Shutoff Detection Circuit Detected but Not Installed | Warning | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Open/Closed | On |
| E2109(1) Secondary ECM Took Control | Warning | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | On |
| E2112(1) Low Engine Coolant Pressure | Warning | 1 | 60 | 10 | |
|
|
On |
| E2143(1) Low Engine Coolant Level | Warning | 4 | 60 | 30 | N/A | N/A | Open/Closed | On |
| (1) | If the trip point is exceeded, engine power will be derated .052 percent for each second. The maximum derate is 25 percent. |
| (2) | The ECM will derate the engine in 3 percent increments for every |
| (3) | The engine power will be derated .03 percent for each second. The maximum derate is 15 percent. |
| (4) | If the trip point is exceeded, engine power will be derated 2 percent for each 15 second time period. |
| (5) | Refer to the oil pressure map in Illustration 2. |
| (6) | If the trip point is exceeded, engine power will be derated 3 percent for each second. The maximum derate is 3 percent. |
Note: The engine monitoring system is enabled after the engine is started. The ECM delays monitoring some parameters at start up. The delay is designed to eliminate false warnings. The following parameters have a delay at start-up.
- The delay for low engine oil pressure is 10 seconds.
- The delay for high transmission oil temperature is 30 seconds.
- The delay for low transmission oil pressure is 30 seconds.
- The delay for low engine coolant temperature is 600 seconds.
- The delay for low engine coolant level is 60 seconds.
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| Illustration 2 | g01027393 |
|
Oil pressure map | |