Illustration 1 | g00292549 |
Electronic Control System Components (left side view) (1) Grommet for injector harness. (2) Injection actuation pressure sensor. (3) Air inlet heater. (4) Inlet air temperature sensor. (5) Atmospheric pressure sensor (if equipped). (6) Boost pressure sensor. (7) Engine harness connector "J2/P2". (8) Engine ground stud connection. (9) Vehicle harness connector "J1/P1". (10) Oil temperature sensor (if equipped). (11) Injection actuation pressure control valve. (12) Engine speed-timing sensors. (13) Coolant temperature sensor. (14) Oil pressure sensor (if equipped). (15) Electronic Control Module (ECM). |
Illustration 2 | g00292594 |
Electronic Control System Components (top view) (1) Grommet for injector harness. (2) Injection actuation pressure sensor. (3) Air inlet heater. (4) Inlet air temperature sensor. (5) Atmospheric pressure sensor (if equipped). (6) Boost pressure sensor. (8) Engine ground stud connection. (11) Injection actuation pressure control valve. (16) Relay of air inlet heater. |
The electronic control system is integrally designed into the engine's fuel system and the engine's air inlet and exhaust system in order to electronically control the fuel delivery and the injection timing. The electronic control system provides increased timing control and fuel air ratio control in comparison to conventional mechanical engines. Injection timing is achieved by the precise control of the injector firing time. Engine rpm is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. The Electronic Control Module (ECM) energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to start the injection of fuel. Also, the Electronic Control Module (ECM) de-energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to stop the injection of fuel.
Refer to Systems Operation/Testing And Adjusting, "HEUI Injector Operation" for a complete explanation of the fuel injection process.
The engine uses the following three types of electronic components:
- input component
- control component
- output component
An input component is one that sends an electrical signal to the ECM of the system. The signal that is sent varies in either of the following ways:
- voltage
- frequency
- pulse width
The variation of the signal is in response to a change in some specific system of the vehicle. Some specific examples of an input component are the engine speed-timing sensors, the coolant temperature sensor, and the cruise control switches. The ECM interprets the signal from the input component as information about the condition, environment, or operation of the vehicle.
A control component (ECM) receives the input signals from the input components. Electronic circuits inside the control component evaluate the signals from the input components. These electronic circuits also supply electrical energy to the output components of the system. The electrical energy that is supplied to the output components is based on predetermined combinations of input signal values.
An output component is one that is operated by a control module. The output component receives electrical energy from the control group. The output component uses that electrical energy in one of two ways. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to perform work. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to provide information.
As an example, a moving solenoid plunger will perform work. By performing work, the component has functioned in order to regulate the vehicle.
As an example, a dash panel light or an alarm will provide information to the operator of the vehicle.
These electronic components provide the ability to electronically control the engine operation. Engines with electronic controls offer the following advantages:
- improvement in performance
- improvement in fuel consumption
- reduction in emissions levels
Electrical Connectors And Functions     | |
J/P No.     | Function     |
J1/P1     | ECM Connector (OEM Harness Connector)     |
J2/P2     | ECM Connector (Engine Harness Connector)     |
J100/P100     | Coolant Temperature Sensor Connector (2 pin)     |
J101/P101     | Engine Oil Temperature Sensor (2 pin)     |
J103/P103     | Connector for Inlet Manifold Air Temperature (2 Pin)     |
J200/P200     | Boost Pressure Sensor Connector (3 pin)     |
J201/P201     | Engine Oil Pressure Sensor (3 pin)     |
J203/P203     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Connector (3 pin)     |
J204/P204     | Connector for Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor (3 pin)     |
J300/P300     | Unit Injector Connector (12 pin)     |
J301/P301     | No. 1 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J302/P302     | No. 2 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J303/P303     | No. 3 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J304/P304     | No. 4 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J305/P305     | No. 5 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J306/P306     | No. 6 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J400/P400     | Engine Timing Calibration Probe (2 pin)     |
J401/P401     | Connector for Top Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing Sensor (2 pin)     |
J402/P402     | Connector for Bottom Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing Sensor (2 pin)     |
J403/P403     | Connector for Accelerator Pedal Position (3 pin)     |
J500/P500     | Connector for Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve (2 pin)     |
J501/P501     | Relay of Connector for Air Inlet Heater (2 pin)     |
J648/P648     | Lamp of Connector for Air Inlet Heater (2 pin)     |
Diagnostic Flash Codes     | ||
---|---|---|
PID-FMI     | Flash Code     | Description of Code     |
1-11     | 72     | Fault of Cylinder 1     |
2-11     | 72     | Fault of Cylinder 2     |
3-11     | 73     | Fault of Cylinder 3     |
4-11     | 73     | Fault of Cylinder 4     |
5-11     | 74     | Fault of Cylinder 5     |
6-11     | 74     | Fault of Cylinder 6     |
22-13     | 42     | Check the Calibration of the Engine Speed/Timing Sensor.     |
30-08     | 29     | Invalid PTO Throttle Signal     |
30-13     | 29     | Calibration of PTO Throttle Sensor     |
41-03     | 21     | 8 Volt Supply Above Normal     |
41-04     | 21     | 8 Volt Supply Below Normal     |
42-11     | 18     | Fault of Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve Driver     |
43-02     | 71     | Fault of Ignition Keyswitch     |
64-02     | 34     | Loss of Engine RPM Signal on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 2     |
64-11     | 34     | No Pattern on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 2     |
70-05     | 49     | Open Circuit of Air Inlet Heater     |
70-06     | 49     | Short Circuit of Air Inlet Heater     |
71-00     | 01     | Override of Idle Shutdown     |
71-01     | 47     | Occurrence of Idle Shutdown     |
71-14     | 47     | Occurrence of PTO Shutdown     |
84-00     | 41     | Warning of Vehicle Overspeed     |
84-01     | 31     | Loss of Vehicle Speed Signal     |
84-02     | 36     | Invalid Vehicle Speed Signal     |
84-08     | 36     | Vehicle Speed Out of Range     |
84-10     | 36     | Rate of Change of Vehicle Speed     |
91-08     | 32     | Invalid Throttle Signal     |
91-13     | 28     | Throttle Sensor Calibration     |
100-03     | 24     | Open Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor     |
100-04     | 24     | Short Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor     |
100-11     | 46     | Very Low Oil Pressure     |
102-03     | 25     | Open Circuit of Boost Pressure Sensor     |
102-04     | 25     | Short Circuit of Boost Pressure Sensor     |
105-03     | 38     | Open Circuit of Sensor for Inlet Manifold Air Temperature     |
105-04     | 38     | Short Circuit of Sensor for Inlet Manifold Air Temperature     |
108-03     | 26     | Open Circuit of Atmospheric Pressure Sensor     |
108-04     | 26     | Short Circuit of Atmospheric Pressure Sensor     |
110-00     | 61     | Warning of High Coolant Temperature     |
110-03     | 27     | Open Circuit of Coolant Temperature Sensor     |
110-04     | 27     | Short Circuit of Coolant Temperature Sensor     |
110-11     | 61     | Very High Coolant Temperature     |
111-01     | 62     | Warning of Low Coolant Level     |
111-02     | 12     | Fault of Coolant Level Sensor     |
111-11     | 62     | Very Low Coolant Level     |
164-00     | 17     | Injection Actuation Pressure Out of Range     |
164-02     | 15     | Erratic Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor     |
164-03     | 15     | Open Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure     |
164-04     | 15     | Short Circuit of Injection Actuation Pressure     |
164-11     | 39     | Injection Actuation Pressure System     |
168-02     | 51     | Intermittent Battery Power to the ECM     |
175-03     | 37     | Open Circuit of Oil Temperature Sensor     |
175-04     | 37     | Short Circuit of Oil Temperature Sensor     |
190-00     | 35     | Warning of Engine Overspeed     |
190-02     | 34     | Loss of RPM Signal on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 1     |
190-11     | 34     | No Pattern on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 1     |
231-11     | 58     | Fault of J1939 Data Link     |
232-03     | 21     | 5 Volt Supply Above Normal     |
232-04     | 21     | 5 Volt Supply Below Normal     |
246-11     | 00     | Fault of Service Brake Switch (Number 1)     |
247-11     | 00     | Fault of Service Brake Switch (Number 2)     |
252-11     | 59     | Incorrect Engine Software     |
253-02     | 59     | Check the Customer or System Parameters.     |