C15 and C18 Tier 4 Final Engines Caterpillar


Electronic Control System Components

Usage:

826K 232


图 1g02318075
(1) 辅助转速/正时传感器
(2) 增压压力传感器
(3) 燃油压力传感器(细滤器出口)
(4) 燃油温度传感器
(5) 燃油压力传感器(细滤器进口)
(6) NRS 进气压力传感器
(7) NRS 压差传感器
(8) 冷却液温度传感器
(9) 主转速/正时传感器
(10) 大气压力传感器
(11) 曲轴箱压力传感器
(12) 进气温度传感器
(13) 发动机机油压力传感器
(14) 电子控制模块 (ECM)

电子控制系统被集成设计到燃油系统和进排气系统中,以便对输油和喷油正时进行电子控制。 与传统的机械发动机相比,电子控制系统可提供增强的正时控制和空燃比控制。 主转速/正时传感器是一个曲轴位置传感器,而辅助转速/正时传感器是一个凸轮轴位置传感器。 喷油正时通过对喷油器点火时间的精确控制实现,而发动机转速通过调整喷油持续时间控制。 电子控制模块 (ECM) 通电激励单体喷油器内的电磁阀以便开始喷油。 ECM 通过停止向喷油器电磁阀通电来结束喷油。 有关喷油过程的全面的解释,请参阅系统操作, "燃油系统"专题。

发动机使用以下几种类型的电子部件:

  • 输入

  • 控制

  • 输出

输入部件是向 ECM 传送电信号的部件。 传送的信号以下列方式之一变化:

  • 电压

  • 频率

  • 脉冲宽度

信号响应发动机的某些特定系统的变化而变化。 电子控制模块把输入的传感器信号看作有关发动机的状况、环境或操作的信息。

控制部件 (ECM) 接收输入信号。 控制部件内的电子电路对来自输入部件的信号进行评估。 这些电子电路也向系统的输出部件提供电能。 向输出部件提供的电能基于输入信号值的预设组合。

输出部件是由控制模块操作的部件。 输出部件从控制部件接收电能。 输出部件以下述两种方式使用该电能。 输出部件可使用该电能来做功。 输出部件可使用该电能来提供信息。

  1. 例如,移动的电磁阀柱塞可以做功。 通过做功,部件行使其功能以便调控发动机。

  2. 例如,仪表板灯或报警器会向机器的操作员提供信息。

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