Axle Housing and Bearing Preload - Adjust
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| Illustration 1 | g00275314 |
Axle Housing and Bearing (1) Ring gear. (2) Axle housing. (3) Nut. (4) Bearing cup. (5) Bearing cone. (6) Bearing cone. (7) Bearing cup. (8) Duo-Cone seal. (9) Axle. (A) Bolt circle radius. | |
- Freeze ring gear (1) to a limit of -70°C (-94°F). Use four dowel holes (not shown) as guides and press ring gear into axle housing (2) so that the chamfer side of the ring gear is toward the axle housing. Check that the ring gear is fully seated against the housing shoulder. Wipe the ring gear dry. Lubricate the ring gear with SAE 30W gear oil in order to prevent rust. Install the locking dowels. Peen the housing in order to close up half of the dowel hole. Closing the dowel holes will retain the dowels in place.
- Press inboard bearing cup (4) and outboard bearing cup (7) into the housing. Do not freeze the bearing cups before installation. Check that the bearing cups are fully seated against the housing shoulders.
- Press bearing cone (6) on axle (9). Do not heat the bearing cone before installation. Check that the bearing cone is fully seated against the axle shoulder. Lubricate the bearing cone with SAE 30W gear oil.
- Install Duo-Cone seals (8) to axle (9) and to housing (2) .
Note: At assembly, rubber toric seals must be clean and dry and all surfaces that contact the rubber toric seals must be clean and dry. Immediately before installation, apply a thin layer of oil on the surfaces of the metal seals that contact the rubber toric seals. The seal must be assembled square with the bore. After assembly, rubber toric seals must not have bulged and these seals must also not have twisted.
- Secure axle (9) in a vertical position so that the rim assembly flange is down. With a lifting device, lower housing (2) over the axle.
- Press bearing cone (5) onto axle (9) so that end play remains in the bearing. Lubricate the cone roller assembly.
- Lubricate adjusting nut (3). Install adjusting nut (3) so that the part number is facing away from the bearing cone. Tighten the nut until only a small amount of end play remains in the axle and bearing assembly.
- Measure the torque that is needed to rotate housing (2). This is the seal drag torque. Record the measured seal drag torque. To measure seal drag torque, fasten a bar across the axle housing. The bar will center the mounting face of the housing. Install a bolt or a nut at the center of the axle housing assembly. Place the torque wrench on the bolt or the nut at the center of the assembly. This procedure measures the rolling torque. While you turn housing (2) with the torque wrench, record the reading on the torque wrench. Use the following formula to calculate the actual seal drag torque:
SDT = (C x (B + A)) / B
"SDT" is the actual seal drag torque in N·m.
"C" is the torque wrench reading in N·m.
"B" is the length of the torque wrench in meters.
"A" is the bolt circle radius of axle housing (2) in meters.
- While you turn housing (2) with the torque wrench, tighten nut (3). Tighten nut (3) until the torque wrench reading equals the axle bearing preload rolling torque and the actual seal drag torque. Use the seal drag torque that was recorded in step 8. Use the following formula to calculate the required torque wrench reading. This formula is used in order to measure torque at the bolt circle.
C = ((T + SDT) x B) / (B + A)
"C" is the torque wrench reading in N·m.
"B" is the length of the torque wrench in meters.
"A" is the bolt circle radius of axle housing (2) in meters.
"SDT" is the actual seal drag torque in N·m from Step 8.
"T" is the axle bearing preload rolling torque.
Preload rolling torque:
- New bearings ... 3 to 8 N·m (27 to 71 lb in)
- Used bearings ... 2 to 4.5 N·m (18 to 40 lb in)
Check the assembly in order to make sure that there is zero end play of axle shaft (9) .
- New bearings ... 3 to 8 N·m (27 to 71 lb in)
- If axle bearing preload rolling torque exceeds the specification, back off nut (3) by 1/8 turn and reseat bearing cone (5) against nut (3). Perform Step 9 again.
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