Illustration 1 | g00766789 |
Electronic Control System Components (left side view) (1) Grommet for injector harness (2) Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor (3) Air Inlet Heater Relay (Option 1) (4) Oil Temperature Sensor (5) Inlet Air Temperature Sensor (6) Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (7) Turbocharger Outlet Pressure Sensor (8) Air Inlet Heater Relay (Option 2) (9) Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve (10) Engine Speed-Timing Sensors (11) Coolant Temperature Sensor (12) Oil Pressure Sensor (Option 1) (13) Oil Pressure Sensor (Option 2) (14) Fuel Pressure Sensor (Option 1) (15) Fuel Pressure Sensor (Option 2) (16) Electronic Control Module (17) Engine Harness Connector J2/P2 |
The electronic control system is integrally designed into the engine's fuel system and the engine's air inlet and exhaust system in order to electronically control the fuel delivery and the injection timing. The electronic control system provides increased timing control and fuel air ratio control in comparison to conventional mechanical engines. Injection timing is achieved by the precise control of the injector firing time. Engine rpm is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. The Electronic Control Module (ECM) energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to start the injection of fuel. Also, the Electronic Control Module (ECM) de-energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to stop the injection of fuel.
Refer to Systems Operation/Testing And Adjusting, "HEUI Injector Operation" for a complete explanation of the fuel injection process.
The engine uses the following three types of electronic components:
- Input component
- Control component
- Output component
An input component is one that sends an electrical signal to the ECM of the system. The signal that is sent varies in either of the following ways:
- Voltage
- Frequency
- Pulse width
The variation of the signal is in response to a change in some specific system of the machine. Some specific examples of an input component are the engine speed-timing sensors and the coolant temperature sensor. The ECM interprets the signal from the input component as information about the condition, environment, or operation of the engine.
A control component (ECM) receives the input signals from the input components. Electronic circuits inside the control component evaluate the signals from the input components. These electronic circuits also supply electrical energy to the output components of the system. The electrical energy that is supplied to the output components is based on predetermined combinations of input signal values.
An output component is one that is operated by a control module. The output component receives electrical energy from the control group. The output component uses that electrical energy in one of two ways. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to perform work. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to provide information.
As an example, a moving solenoid plunger will perform work. By performing work, the component has functioned in order to regulate the machine.
As an example, a dash panel light or an alarm will provide information to the operator of the machine.
These electronic components provide the ability to electronically control the engine operation. Engines with electronic controls offer the following advantages:
- Improvement in performance
- Improvement in fuel consumption
- Reduction in emissions levels
Electrical Connectors And Functions     | |
J/P Number     | Function     |
J1/P1     | ECM Connector (70 pin, OEM Harness Connector)     |
J2/P2     | ECM Connector (70 pin, Engine Harness Connector)     |
J61     | Customer Connector     |
J63     | Engine Service Tool Connector     |
J100/P100     | Coolant Temperature Sensor Connector (2 pin)     |
J103/P103     | Inlet Manifold Air Temperature Sensor Connector (2 Pin)     |
J200/P200     | Turbocharger Outlet Pressure Sensor Connector (3 pin)     |
J201/P201     | Engine Oil Pressure Sensor     |
J203/P203     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Connector (3 pin)     |
J204/P204     | Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor Connector (3 pin)     |
J209/P209     | Fuel Pressure Sensor     |
J300/P300     | Unit Injector Connector (12 pin)     |
J301/P301     | No. 1 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J302/P302     | No. 2 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J303/P303     | No. 3 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J304/P304     | No. 4 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J305/P305     | No. 5 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J306/P306     | No. 6 Unit Injector Connector (2 pin)     |
J400/P400     | Engine Timing Calibration Probe (2 pin)     |
J401/P401     | Primary Engine Speed-Timing Sensor Connector (2 pin)     |
J402/P402     | Secondary Engine Speed-Timing Sensor Connector (2 pin)     |
J403/P403     | Throttle Position Connector (3 pin)     |
J500/P500     | Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve Connector (2 pin)     |
J501/P501     | Air Inlet Heater Relay Connector (2 pin)     |
J800/P800     | Coolant Level Sensor     |
Diagnostic Flash Codes     | |||
---|---|---|---|
Flash Code     | CID-FMI     | SPN-FMI     | Description of Code     |
15     | 164-02     | 164-02     | Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor Loss of signal     |
164-03 | 164-03     | Injection Actuation Pressure open/short to +batt     | |
164-04 | 164-04     | Injection Actuation Pressure open/short to ground     | |
17     | 164-00     | 164-00     | High Injector Actuation Pressure     |
18     | 042-11     | N/A     | Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve Operator open/short     |
21     | 262-03     | 620-03     | 5 Volt Sensor DC Power Supply short to +batt     |
262-04 | 620-04     | 5 Volt Sensor DC Power Supply short to ground     | |
263-03 | 678-03     | Digital Sensor Supply short to +batt     | |
263-04 | 678-04     | Digital Sensor Supply short to ground     | |
24     | 100-03     | 100-03     | Engine Oil Pressure Sensor open/short to +batt     |
100-04 | 100-04     | Engine Oil Pressure Sensor open/short to ground     | |
25     | 273-00     | 102-00     | Turbo Outlet Pressure above Normal     |
273-03 | 102-03     | Turbo Outlet Pressure open/short to +batt     | |
273-04 | 102-04     | Turbocharger Outlet Pressure short to ground     | |
26     | 274-03     | 108-03     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Open open/short to +batt     |
274-04 | 108-04     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor short to ground     | |
27     | 110-03     | 110-03     | Engine Coolant Temperature open/short to +batt     |
110-04 | 110-04     | Engine Coolant Temperature short to ground     | |
28     | 91-13     | 91-13     | Throttle Position calibration required     |
32     | 91-08     | 91-08     | Throttle Position signal abnormal     |
34     | 320-02     | 190-02     | Speed/Timing Sensor Loss of Signal     |
320-11 | 190-11     | Speed/Timing Sensor mechanical failure     | |
342-02 | 723-02     | Loss of Secondary Engine Speed signal     | |
342-11 | 723-11     | Secondary Engine Speed Sensor mechanical failure     | |
37     | 094-03     | 094-03     | Fuel Pressure open/short to +batt     |
094-04 | 094-04     | Fuel Pressure open/short to ground     | |
175-03 | 175-03     | Engine Oil Temp open/short to +batt     | |
175-04 | 175-04     | Engine Oil Temp open/short to ground     | |
38     | 172-03     | 172-03     | Intake Manifold Air Temp open/short to +batt     |
172-04 | 172-04     | Intake Manifold Air Temp short to ground     | |
39     | 164-11     | 164-11     | Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor mechanical failure     |
42     | 261-13     | 228-13     | Engine Timing Calibration Required     |
51     | 168-02     | 168-02     | System Voltage intermittent/erratic     |
53     | 254-12     | N/A     | Electronic Control Module Error     |
56     | 253-02     | 234-02     | Personality Module mismatch     |
268-02 | 1111-02     | Check Programmable Parameters     | |
58     | 247-09     | 639-09     | J1939 Data Link Fault     |
72     | 001-11     | 651-11     | Injector Cylinder #1 mechanical failure     |
002-11 | 652-11     | Injector Cylinder #2 mechanical failure     | |
73     | 003-11     | 653-11     | Injector Cylinder #3 mechanical failure     |
004-11 | 654-11     | Injector Cylinder #4 mechanical failure     | |
74     | 005-11     | 655-11     | Injector Cylinder #5 mechanical failure     |
006-11 | 656-11     | Injector Cylinder #6 mechanical failure     |
Diagnostic Flash Codes     | |||
---|---|---|---|
Flash Code     | EID-FMI     | SPN-FMI     | Description of Code     |
35     | 004     | 190-16     | Engine Overspeed Warning     |
46     | 100     | 100-01     | Low Engine Oil Pressure Warning     |
46     | 039     | 100-17     | Low Engine Oil Pressure Derate     |
46     | 040     | 100-18     | Low Engine Oil Pressure Shutdown     |
61     | 017     | 110-00     | High Coolant Temperature Warning     |
61     | 015     | 110-15     | High Coolant Temperature Derate     |
61     | 016     | 110-16     | High Coolant Temperature Shutdown     |
62     | 059     | 111-01     | Low Engine Coolant Level Warning     |
62     | 057     | 111-17     | Low Engine Coolant Level Derate     |
62     | 058     | 111-18     | Low Engine Coolant Level Shutdown     |