The control system consists of the following components:
- Electronic Control Module (ECM)
- Software (flash file)
- Wiring
- Sensors
- Actuators
The following information provides a general description of the control system. Refer to Systems Operation, Testing, and Adjusting for detailed information about the control system.
Electronic Control Circuit Diagram
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| Illustration 1 | g03675403 |
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Electronic control circuit diagram | |
Illustration 2 is a block diagram of the control system on a C1.5T engine. Illustration 3 is a block diagram of the control system on a C2.2NA engine.
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| Illustration 2 | g03339577 |
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Block diagram for the C1.5T engine (1) Air cleaner (2) Air inlet temperature sensor (3) Aftertreatment Regeneration Device (ARD) air pump (4) ARD glow plug relay (5) Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) differential pressure sensor (6) ARD glow plug (7) ARD combustion chamber temperature sensor (8) Turbocharger (9) ARD combustion chamber (10) Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and DPF (11) DOC intake temperature sensor (12) DPF intake temperature sensor (13) DPF outlet temperature sensor (14) Boost pressure sensor (15) ARD body (16) ARD injector No.1 (17) ARD injector No.2 (18) Injector leak-off return line (19) Coolant temperature sensor (20) Primary speed/timing sensor (21) Electronic Control Module (ECM) (22) Engine (23) Oil pressure switch (24) Engine glow plug relay (25) HP fuel pump and fuel rack (26) Fuel rack actuator (27) Fuel rack position sensor (28) Fuel lift pump (29) Main fuel filter (30) Fuel pre-filter (optional) (31) Fuel strainer (32) Fuel tank (33) Fuel restrictor | |
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| Illustration 3 | g03227857 |
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Block diagram for the C2.2NA engine (1) Air cleaner (2) Air inlet temperature sensor (3) Aftertreatment Regeneration Device (ARD) air pump (4) ARD glow plug relay (5) Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) differential pressure sensor (6) ARD glow plug (7) ARD combustion chamber temperature sensor (8) ARD combustion chamber (9) Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) and DPF (10) DOC intake temperature sensor (11) DPF intake temperature sensor (12) DPF outlet temperature sensor (13) ARD body (14) ARD injector No.1 (15) ARD injector No.2 (16) Injector leak-off return line (17) Coolant temperature sensor (18) Primary speed/timing sensor (19) Electronic Control Module (ECM) (20) Engine (21) Oil pressure switch (22) Engine glow plug relay (23) HP fuel pump and fuel rack (24) Fuel rack actuator (25) Fuel rack position sensor (26) Fuel lift pump (27) Main fuel filter (28) Fuel pre-filter (optional) (29) Fuel strainer (30) Fuel tank (31) Fuel restrictor | |
The ECM governs the engine. The ECM determines the timing and the amount of fuel that is delivered to each cylinder. These factors are based on the actual conditions and on the desired conditions at any given time during starting and operation.
The governor uses the throttle position sensor to determine the desired engine speed. The governor compares the desired engine speed to the actual engine speed. The actual engine speed is determined through interpretation of the signals that are received by the ECM from the engine speed/timing sensors. If the desired engine speed is greater than the actual engine speed, the governor injects more fuel in order to increase engine speed.
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| Illustration 4 | g03675406 |
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Typical example | |
Customer Parameters and Engine Speed Governing
A unique feature with electronic engines is customer specified parameters. These parameters allow the owner of the machine to fine-tune the ECM for engine operation. Fine-tuning the ECM allows the machine owner to accommodate the typical usage of the machine and the power train of the machine.
Many of the customer parameters provide additional restrictions on the actions that will be performed by the ECM in response to input from the operator.
Some parameters are intended to notify the operator of potential engine damage (engine monitoring parameters). Some parameters enhance fuel economy (machine speed, engine speed limit, and idle shutdown). Other parameters are used to enhance the engine installation into the machine. Other parameters are used to provide engine operating information to the owner of the machine.
The ECM maintains total data of the engine for the following parameters:
- "Engine Hours"
- "Engine Starts"
- "Lifetime Total Engine Revolutions"
The "Engine Hours" is the number of hours when electrical power has been applied to the engine. These hours will include the time when the ECM is powered but the engine is not running.
"Engine Starts" is the total number of times when the engine has been started.
"Lifetime Total Engine Revolutions" is the total number of revolutions that have been completed by the engine crankshaft.
Certain parameters that affect engine operation may be changed with the electronic service tool. The parameters are stored in the ECM, and these parameters are either system configuration parameters or customer parameters.
System configuration parameters are set at the factory. System configuration parameters affect emissions or power ratings within an engine family.
Customer parameters are variable. Customer parameters can be used to adjust the following characteristics of the engine within preset limits:
- Rpm ratings
- Power ratings
Some of the parameters may affect engine operation in an unusual way. An operator might not expect this type of effect. Without adequate training, these parameters may lead to power complaints or performance complaints even though the performance of the engine is to the specification.
Refer to Troubleshooting, "Configuration Parameters" for additional information on this subject.