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| Illustration 1 | g06299656 |
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Components of the transmission (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch rotating (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
| CX48-P2560–3060 Transmission Clutch Assignments | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation | Gear Ratios | CLUTCHES | Transmission Output Speed at 800 RPM Input with LUC Engaged (RPM) | Transmission Output Speed at 1900 RPM Input with LUC Engaged (RPM) | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||||
| ASTM Stall | - | O | O | O | ||||
| Stall | − | O | O | O | − | − | ||
| Park | − | O | O | − | − | |||
| Neutral | − | O | − | − | ||||
| 1 Forward | 3.339 | O | O | 240 | 569 | |||
| 2 Forward | 2.453 | O | O | 326 | 775 | |||
| 3 Forward | 2.200 | O | O | 364 | 864 | |||
| 4 Forward | 1.808 | O | O | 442 | 1051 | |||
| 5 Forward | 1.616 | O | O | 495 | 1176 | |||
| 6 Forward | 1.359 | O | O | 589 | 1398 | |||
Power from the engine goes through the coupling to the torque converter. The power then goes to input shaft (1), and to the transmission planetary. The transmission planetary may change speed and torque between the input shaft (1) and the output shaft (25), and depends on what gear the transmission is in (refer to Table 1). If the transmission is in any gear between FIRST and SIXTH, power is then transmitted to the output shaft (25).
The transmission has six forward gears. The STALL position causes all parts of the transmission to be held stationary. The transmission is driven by the torque converter in NEUTRAL and in PARK. In all forward gears, torque converter drive is used at lower output shaft speeds. The lockup clutch is activated in all forward gears by the power train electronic control module according to engine speed and torque converter speed ratio. While shifting, the lockup clutch is momentarily disengaged as different transmission clutches engage to provide a smooth shift. The torque converter lockup clutch automatically engages after the shift to provide direct drive operation.
The transmission has a combination of one rotating clutch, four stationary clutches, and three planetary units, providing six forward gears and zero reverse gears. Number three clutch (17) is the rotating clutch.
Input torque goes from the torque converter through input shaft (1). Input shaft (1) drives the transmission input clutch arrangement. Number one clutch (14), number two clutch (15), and number three clutch (17) are part of the transmission input clutch arrangement. The remaining clutches are in the output section of the transmission. Center shaft (19) connects the input section to the output section. Center shaft (19) is splined to number three clutch housing (18). Center shaft (19) also carries the sun gears that drive the output section of the transmission. Center shaft (19) and input shaft (1) turn the same direction.
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| Illustration 2 | g06300139 |
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Power flow in PARK with number four & number six clutches engaged. (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
When the transmission is in PARK, the output shaft (25) is prevented from rotating. The output shaft (25) is a planetary carrier for the fifth gear train, and holds the planetary shafts for planet gears (12). To keep the planet gears (12) from turning, both the ring gear (13) and sun gear (11) must be held still.
The number four clutch (21) and the number five clutch (24) are engaged in PARK. The number five clutch (24) is a stationary clutch and holds ring gear (13) from rotating when engaged. Ring gear (13) is splined to planetary carrier (23), which is bolted to the number four clutch housing (20). The number three clutch (17) is a rotating clutch, however, the number four clutch (21) is held still by the engagement of the number five clutch (24). Number four clutch (21) is engaged, so the sun gear (8) is also held still. The sun gear (8) in splined to the center shaft (19), and the center shaft (19) is splined to the sun gear (11). The engagement of clutch number four (21) and clutch number six (24) holds both ring gear (13) and sun gear (11) still, so the output shaft (25) rotation is prevented in PARK.
The center shaft (19) is held still, so the number three clutch housing (18) and the planetary carrier (16) are also locked. The input shaft (1) transfers power from the engine, torque converter and speed increaser (26). The input shaft (1), ring gear (6), planetary gears (5), sun gear (7), clutch hub (2), planetary gears (4) and ring gear (3) are all allowed to rotate freely. Since the number three clutch housing (18) is held still, there is not a path to transfer power to the output shaft (25). Power from the engine is not directed to the output shaft (25) and is dissipated through the spinning clutch discs in the input shaft section of the transmission planetary.
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| Illustration 3 | g06300156 |
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Power flow in NEUTRAL (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
When the transmission is in NEUTRAL, power cannot be transmitted to the output shaft (25). Only the number one clutch (14) is engaged in NEUTRAL, allowing power to be transmitted through the input section of the transmission to the center shaft (19). Engagement of the number one clutch (14) holds the clutch hub (2) and the sun gear (7) stationary. Power from the speed increaser (26) and input shaft (1) is transmitted to the ring gear (6), through the planetary gears (5), to the planetary carrier (16), the number three clutch housing (18), and to center shaft (19).
Note: The sun gear (7) is held still so the planetary gears (5) rotate around the sun gear (7).
There is not one direct path for power to be transmitted from the center shaft (19) to the output shaft (25). The transmission clutches do not hold the output shaft (25) stationary, and rotation is possible through frictional losses in the output clutch arrangement. Power takes a circular path from the center shaft (19), through the planetary gears (12), ring gear (13), planetary gears (9), sun gear (8) and back to the center shaft (19). Because there are two sets of planetary gears in this circular path, one set of planetary gears (12) can rotate while the corresponding planetary carrier or output shaft (25) is held stationary, and the other set of planetary gears (9) and planetary carrier (22) are free to rotate.
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| Illustration 4 | g06300570 |
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Power flow in FIRST (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
Number two clutch (15) and number five clutch (24) are engaged in FIRST gear. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) is splined to input shaft (1), and turns with input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) spins the discs of number three clutch (17). Ring gear (6) spins planetary gears (5). Planetary gears (5) spin sun gear (7). Sun gear (7) spins planetary gears (4). Because number two clutch (15) is engaged, ring gear (3) is stationary.
Since ring gear (3) is stationary, planetary gears (4) rotate in mesh around the inside of ring gear (3). This drives planetary carrier (16) in the same direction as input shaft (1). Planetary carrier (16) is connected to number three clutch housing (18). Number three clutch housing (18) is splined to center shaft (19). Center shaft (19) and planetary carrier (16) are driven in the same direction and at the same speed.
Sun gear (11) is splined to center shaft (19). Power is transferred from the center shaft (19), through the sun gear (11), to the planetary gears (12). The number six clutch is engaged and holds the ring gear (13) stationary. Planetary gears (12) rotate in mesh inside of ring gear (13), driving the planetary carrier and output shaft (25) in the same direction as input shaft (1).
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| Illustration 5 | g06300578 |
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Power flow in second (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
When the transmission is in SECOND gear, the number one clutch (14) and number five clutch (24) are engaged. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Engagement of the number one clutch (14) holds the clutch hub (2) and the sun gear (7) stationary. Power from the input shaft (1) is transmitted to the ring gear (6) and then to the planetary gears (5). The sun gear (7) is held stationary so the planetary gears (5) rotate in mesh around the sun gear (7). Power is transmitted from the planetary gears (5) to the planetary carrier (16), the number three clutch housing (18), and then to the center shaft (19).
Sun gear (11) is splined to the center shaft (19). Power is transferred from the center shaft (19), through the sun gear (11), to the planetary gears (12). The number six clutch is engaged and holds the ring gear (13) stationary. Planetary gears (12) rotate in mesh around the inside of ring gear (13) driving the planetary carrier and output shaft (25) in the same direction as input shaft.
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| Illustration 6 | g06300595 |
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Power flow in Third (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
Number two clutch (15) and number four clutch (23) are engaged in THIRD gear. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) is splined to input shaft (1) and turns with input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) spins the discs of number three clutch (17). Ring gear (6) spins planetary gears (5). Planetary gears (5) spin sun gear (7). Sun gear (7) spins planetary gears (4). Because number two clutch (15) is engaged, ring gear (3) is stationary.
Since ring gear (3) is stationary, planetary gears (4) rotate in mesh around the inside of ring gear (3). This drives planetary carrier (16) in the same direction as input shaft (1). Planetary carrier (16) is connected to number three clutch housing (18). Number three clutch housing (18) is splined to center shaft (19). Center shaft (19) and planetary carrier (16) are driven in the same direction and at the same speed.
Center shaft (19), sun gear (8), and sun gear (11) are splined together and turn at the same speed. Number five clutch (23) is engaged and holds ring gear (10) stationary. Planetary gears (9) rotate in mesh inside of ring gear (10) and turn planetary carrier (22). Planetary carrier (22) and ring gear (13) are splined together and turn in the same direction at a different speed than center shaft (19).
Sun gear (11) and ring gear (13) turn in the same direction, but at different speeds, causing planetary gears (12) to rotate in mesh. The planetary carrier and output shaft (25) are driven in the same direction as input shaft (1).
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| Illustration 7 | g06300617 |
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Power flow in fourth (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
Number three clutch (17) and number five clutch (24) are engaged in FOURTH gear. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) is splined to input shaft (1) and turns with input shaft (1). When number three clutch (17) is engaged, ring gear (6) is connected with number three Clutch housing (18). Number three clutch housing (18) is splined to center shaft (19). Input shaft (1) and center shaft (19) are mechanically connected and are driven in the same direction and at the same speed. Torque is transferred directly from input shaft (1) to center shaft (19).
The sun gear (11) is splined to center shaft (19). Power is transferred from the center shaft (19) through the sun gear (11), to the planetary gears (12). The number six clutch is engaged and holds the ring gear (13) stationary. Planetary gears (12) rotate in mesh around the inside of ring gear (13), driving the planetary carrier and output shaft (25) in the same direction as input shaft (1), but at a different speed.
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| Illustration 8 | g06300627 |
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Power flow in fifth (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
When the transmission is in FIFTH gear, the number one clutch (14) and the number four clutch (23) are engaged. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Engagement of the number one clutch (14) holds the clutch hub (2) and the sun gear (7) stationary. Power from the input shaft (1) is transferred to the ring gear (6) and then to the planetary gears (5). The sun gear (7) is held stationary so the planetary gears (5) rotate in mesh around the sun gear (7). Power is transmitted from the planetary gears (5) to the planetary carrier (16), the number three clutch housing (18) and then to the Center shaft (19).
Center shaft (19), sun gear (8) and sun gear (11) are splined together and turn at the same speed. Number five clutch (23) is engaged and holds ring hear (10) stationary. Planetary gears (9) rotate in mesh inside of ring gear (10) and turn planetary carrier (22). Planetary carrier (22) and ring gear (13) are splined together and turn in the same direction and at a different speed than center shaft (19).
Sun gear (11) and ring gear (13) turn in the same direction, but at different speeds, causing planetary gears (12) to be driven. As planetary gears (12) move, the planetary carrier and output shaft (25) is driven in the same direction as the input shaft (1).
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| Illustration 9 | g06300638 |
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Power flow in sixth (1) Input shaft (2) Clutch hub (3) Ring gear (4) Planetary gears (5) Planetary gears (6) Ring gear (7) Sun gear (8) Sun gear (9) Planetary gears (10) Ring gear (11) Sun gear (12) Planetary gears (13) Clutch hub (14) Number one clutch (15) Number two clutch (16) Planetary carrier (17) Number three clutch rotating (18) Number three clutch housing (19) Center shaft (20) Number four clutch housing (21) Number four clutch (22) Ring gear (23) Planetary carrier (24) Number five clutch (25) Planetary carrier and output shaft | |
Number three clutch (17) and number four clutch (21) are engaged in SIXTH gear. Power is transferred from the engine and torque converter to input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) is splined to input shaft (1) and turns with input shaft (1). Ring gear (6) spins the discs of number three clutch (17). Ring gear (6) spins planetary gears (5). Planetary gears (5) spin sun gear (7). Sun gear (7) spins planetary gears (4). Because number two clutch (15) is engaged, ring gear (3) is stationary.
Since ring gear (3) is stationary, planetary gears (4) rotate in mesh around the inside of ring gear (3). This drives planetary carrier (16) in the same direction as input shaft (1) but at a different speed. Planetary carrier (16) is connected to number three clutch housing (18). Number three clutch housing (18) is splined to center shaft (19). Center shaft (19) and planetary carrier (16) are driven in the same direction and at the same speed.
When the number four clutch (21) is engaged, center shaft (19), sun gear (8) and sun gear (11) are splined together and turn in the same direction and at the same speed.
Planetary carrier (22) and ring gear (13) are splined together. Ring gear (13) and the sun gear (11) turn in the same direction and at the same speed as the center shaft (19). Power is transferred through the planetary gears (12) to the planetary carrier and output shaft (25).
The planetary carrier and output shaft (25) turns in the same direction as input shaft (1), but at a different speed.