3176C and 3196 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines Caterpillar

Air Inlet Restriction

There will be a reduction in the performance of the engine if there is a restriction in the air inlet system or the exhaust system.

Illustration 1	g00293196
1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group

Refer to Special Instruction, SEHS8907, "Using the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group" for the instructions that are needed to use the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group. Refer to Operation Manual, NEHS0818, "Using the 198-4240 Pressure Indicator Tool Gp" for the instructions that are needed to use the 198-4240 Pressure Indicator Tool Gp.

1. Inspect the engine air cleaner inlet and ducting in order to ensure that the passageway is not blocked or collapsed.

2. Inspect the engine air cleaner element. Replace a dirty engine air cleaner element with a clean engine air cleaner element.

3. Check for dirt tracks on the clean side of the engine air cleaner element. If dirt tracks are observed, contaminants are flowing past the engine air cleaner element and/or the seal for the engine air cleaner element.
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   Hot engine components can cause injury from burns. Before performing maintenance on the engine, allow the engine and the components to cool.

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   Making contact with a running engine can cause burns from hot parts and can cause injury from rotating parts. When working on an engine that is running, avoid contact with hot parts and rotating parts.

4. Use the differential pressure gauge of the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group.
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   Illustration 2	g00580368
   (1) Air cleaner (2) Test location

   1. Connect the vacuum port of the differential pressure gauge to test location (2). Test location (2) can be located anywhere along the air inlet piping after the engine air cleaner but before the turbocharger.

   2. Leave the pressure port of the differential pressure gauge open to the atmosphere.

   3. Start the engine. Run the engine in the no-load condition at high idle.

   4. Record the value.

   5. Multiply the value from Step 4d by 1.8.

   6. Compare the result from Step 4e to the appropriate values that follow.

The air flow through a used engine air cleaner may have a restriction. The air flow through a plugged engine air cleaner will be restricted to some magnitude. In either case, the restriction must not be more than the following amount:

Maximum restriction ... 6.2 kPa (25 in of H₂O)

The air flow through a new engine air cleaner element must not have a restriction of more than the following amount:

Maximum restriction ... 3.7 kPa (15 in of H₂O)

Exhaust Restriction

Back pressure is the difference in the pressure between the exhaust at the outlet elbow and the atmospheric air.

Illustration 3	g00293196
1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group

Refer to Special Instruction, SEHS8907, "Using the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group" for the instructions that are needed to use the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group. Refer to Operation Manual, NEHS0818, "Using the 198-4240 Pressure Indicator Tool Gp" for the instructions that are needed to use the 198-4240 Pressure Indicator Tool Gp.

Show/hide table

Hot engine components can cause injury from burns. Before performing maintenance on the engine, allow the engine and the components to cool.

Show/hide table

Making contact with a running engine can cause burns from hot parts and can cause injury from rotating parts. When working on an engine that is running, avoid contact with hot parts and rotating parts.

Use the differential pressure gauge of the 1U-5470 Engine Pressure Group in order to measure back pressure from the exhaust. Use the following procedure in order to measure back pressure from the exhaust:

Illustration 4	g00583322
(1) Muffler (2) Test location

1. Connect the pressure port of the differential pressure gauge to test location (2). Test location (2) can be located anywhere along the exhaust piping after the turbocharger but before the muffler.

2. Leave the vacuum port of the differential pressure gauge open to the atmosphere.

3. Start the engine. Run the engine in the no-load condition at high idle.

4. Record the value.

5. Multiply the value from Step 4 by 1.8.

6. Compare the result from Step 5 to the value that follows.

Back pressure from the exhaust must not be more than the following amount:

Maximum back pressure ... 10.0 kPa (40 inch of H₂O)

Catalytic Converter/Muffler

Illustration 5	g00678914
Typical example (1) Catalytic converter/muffler (2) Test location (3) Exhaust piping (4) Turbocharger

1. Connect the pressure port of the differential pressure gauge to test location. The test location should be located on a straight length of exhaust pipe. This back pressure tap should be located as close as possible to the turbocharger or the exhaust manifold.

2. Leave the vacuum port of the differential pressure gauge open to the atmosphere.

3. Start the engine. Run the engine in the no-load condition at high idle until the engine reaches normal operating temperature.

4. Record the value.

5. Multiply the value from Step 4 by 1.8.

6. Compare the result from Step 5 to the value that follows.

Back pressure from the exhaust must not be more than the following amount:

Maximum back pressure for engines with a Catalytic converter/muffler ... 14.9 kPa (60 inch of H₂O)

If the maximum back pressure is within the allowable limits, refer to Troubleshooting, "Low Power/Poor or No Response to Throttle".

If the back pressure exceeds 14.9 kPa (60 inch of H₂O), replace the catalytic converter/muffler.