C280-16 Marine Engines Caterpillar

Alarms and Shutoffs

Usage:

Setpoints for Alarms and Shutoffs

Alarms and shutoffs are activated by critical operating temperatures, pressures, levels, or speeds.

Engines are equipped with alarms to alert the operator if undesirable operating conditions occur. When an alarm is activated, corrective measures must be made before damage to the engine can occur.

Shutoffs are set at more critical operating setpoints than alarms. Any problem that causes the engine to shut off must be corrected before the engine is restarted.

Table 1 lists the alarms and shutoffs that are available and the corresponding suggested setpoints. Some of the conditions that cause an alarm will also cause the engine to be derated. Some of the items are optional.

When the "SHUTDOWN PRTN OVERRIDE" switch is in the ON position, no shutoff or derate will occur unless one of the following conditions occurs:

An overspeed condition exists
The "EMERGENCY STOP" switch is activated.

Show/hide table

Table 1
Alarms and Shutoffs for C280-16 Engines
Condition	Parameter	Application ⁽¹⁾	Setpoint for Alarm (Alarm Default State)	Setpoint for Derate (Derate Default State)	Setpoint for Shutoff (Shutdown Default State)
Cooling
High	Engine Coolant Temperature		103° C (217° F) ALWAYS ON⁽²⁾	106° C (223° F) - ON	109° C (228° F) - ON
High	Engine Coolant Temperature		103° C (217° F) ALWAYS ON⁽²⁾	106° C (223° F) - ON	109° C (228° F) - ON
Low	Engine Coolant Inlet Pressure		Map - ON	-	-
Low	Engine Coolant Level		Switch - ON	-	-
High	Aftercooler Coolant Temperature	C280-16 Marine Auxiliary or DEP	45° C (113° F) - ON	48° C (118° F) - ON	61° C (142° F) - OFF
High	Aftercooler Coolant Temperature	C280-16 Marine Propulsion	39° C (102° F) - ON	42° C (108° F) - ON	55° C (131° F) - OFF
Low	Aftercooler Coolant Pressure		Map - On	-	-
Exhaust
High	Turbine Inlet Temperature		630° C (1166° F) - ON	631° C (1168° F) - ON	660° C (1220° F) - ON
High	Turbine Inlet Temperature		630° C (1166° F) - ON	631° C (1168° F) - ON	660° C (1220° F) - ON
High	Turbine Inlet Temperature Differential		100° C (212° F) - ON	-	-
High	Exhaust Port Temperature (1-20)		580° C (1076° F) - ON	-	600° C (1112° F) - OFF
High	Exhaust Port Temperature Deviation (1-20)		75° C (167° F) - ON	-	125° C (257° F) - OFF
Low	Exhaust Port Temperature Deviation (1-20)		125° C (257° F) - ON	-	200° C (392° F) - OFF
High	Turbine Shaft Speed		30,000 RPM - ALWAYS - ON ⁽²⁾	30,500 RPM - ON	31,000 RPM - ON
High	Turbine Shaft Speed		30,000 RPM - ALWAYS - ON ⁽²⁾	30,500 RPM - ON	31,000 RPM - ON
High	Turbine Shaft Speed Differential	C280-16 Engines with Wastegates	12 percent - ON ⁽³⁾
Fuel
High	Fuel Filter Restriction		75 kPa (11 psi) - ON	-	-
Low	Fuel Pressure		Map - ON	-	-
Inlet Air
High	Intake Manifold Air Temperature		61° C (142° F) - ALWAYS ON ⁽²⁾	62° C (144° F) - ON	71° C (160° F) - OFF
High	Crankcase Pressure		0.6 kPa (0.09 psi) - ON	-	1 kPa (0.15 psi) - ON
Lubrication
High	Engine Oil Temperature		92° C (198° F) - ALWAYS ON ⁽²⁾	92° C (198° F) - ON	98° C (208° F) - ON
Low	Engine Oil Pressure		Map - ALWAYS ON ⁽²⁾	-	Map - ON
High	Engine Oil Filter Restriction		70 kPa (10 psi) - ON	-	-

Show/hide table

⁽¹⁾	Empty cell implies setting is applicable to both engines
⁽²⁾	Not Configurable
⁽³⁾	Enabled at Turbo Speeds Greater than 15,000 RPM.

Aftertreatment Emission Fault Codes

Per EPA requirements, the engine alarms and records in nonvolatile memory the emission codes listed in Table 2. Caterpillar has installed an A5N2 recorder in the L2 and L3 engine panels. You will be allowed access to the recorder by using a standard ether net cable.

Show/hide table

Table 2
Aftertreatment Codes
CDL-WCI	SPN-FMI (J1939)	SPN Description	EPA Requirement Met
1364-2	3516-18	Aftertreatment bank #1 DEF Concentration: Low - moderate severity (2)	Low DEF quality is outside of range to dose.
946-2	4360-16	Aftertreatment bank #1 SCR Catalyst Intake Temperature: High, Medium Severity (1)	Inlet temperature to catalyst too high aftertreatment bank #1. Prolonged duration of code may cause damage to catalyst.
955-3	4367-1	Aftertreatment bank #1 DEF tank level: Empty.	Empty DEF level tank aftertreatment bank #1. Out of Urea from small tank.
NA	4413	Aftertreatment bank #2 SCR Catalyst Intake Temperature: High, Medium Severity (1)	Inlet temperature to catalyst too high aftertreatment bank #2. Prolonged duration of code may cause damage to catalyst.
NA	4433	Aftertreatment bank #2 DEF tank level: Empty.	Empty DEF level tank aftertreatment bank #2. Out of Urea from small tank.

As per 40 CFR 1042.660(b), owners and operators are required to report to the EPA, within 30 days, instances where the engine has been operated without a sufficient supply of DEF that meets the manufacturers quality specifications. For Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) quality specifications, refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, Fluid Recommendations. The codes listed in Table 3 can be an indication of insufficient DEF quality or quantity that the EPA or Coast Guard may review. Refer to the applicable Troubleshooting guide to interpret the codes.

Show/hide table

Table 3
Aftertreatment Codes
CDL-WCI	SPN-FMI (J1939)	SPN Description
1364-2	3516-18	Aftertreatment No.1 DEF Concentration: Low - Moderate Severity (2)
955-3	4367-1	Aftertreatment No.1 DEF tank No.2 Level: Low - Most Severe (3)
NA	4433-1	Aftertreatment No.2 DEF Tank No.2 Level: Low - Most Severe (3)

In unusual circumstances, other root causes can trip these codes. Assessing and addressing these codes in a timely fashion is important. Caterpillar recommends that at a minimum, each instance should be recorded in the ships log, with the reason for the code, and any proof that acceptable DEF was provided. If the reason for the code is that the owner or operator did not provide sufficient DEF of the required quality, then a report should be sent to the EPA Designated Enforcement Officer within the 30-day window at:

Director
Air Enforcement Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW.
Washington, DC 20460

The following examples are codes that may not require reporting:

Operation of an engine under a valid test exemption.
Operation during engine commissioning.
SCR system failure.

Each engine control panel will have a recorder installed. If your vessel has more than one engine installed, you will need to ensure that all engine systems are functioning as designed. The Cat engine system will record many more faults/events codes that can be used to help troubleshoot the system if something is not working correctly. Your Cat dealer will be able to help you troubleshoot and understand engine and aftertreatment codes.

Show/hide table

Table 4
Setpoints for Aftertreatment
Condition	Parameter	Application	Alarm Setpoint (Default)	Derate Setpoint (Default)	Shutoff Setpoint (Default)
High⁽¹⁾	SCR Inlet Temperature		500° C (932° F)
High⁽²⁾	SCR Inlet Temperature		525° C (977° F)
High⁽³⁾	SCR Inlet Temperature		575° C (1067° F)
Low	SCR Inlet Temperature		Map - On
High⁽¹⁾	SCR Outlet Temperature		Map - On
High⁽²⁾	SCR Outlet Temperature		Map - On
High⁽³⁾	SCR Outlet Temperature		Map - On
Low	SCR Outlet Temperature		Map - On
High	DEF Pressure		Map - On
Low	DEF Pressure		Map - On
High	DEF Dosing Air Pressure		450 kPa (65.3 psi)
Low⁽¹⁾	DEF Dosing Air Pressure		400 kPa (58 psi)
Low⁽²⁾	DEF Dosing Air Pressure		275 kPa (40 psi)
High	DEF Concentration		Map - On
Low	DEF Concentration		Map - On
High	DEF Manifold Temperature		50° C (122° F)
Low⁽¹⁾	DEF Manifold Temperature		−5° C (23° F)
Low⁽²⁾	DEF Manifold Temperature		−10° C (14° F)
High	CEM Inlet Air Pressure		Map - On
Low	CEM Inlet Air Pressure		Map - On
Low⁽¹⁾	DEF Buffer Tank Level		14 percent
Low⁽²⁾	DEF Buffer Tank Level		7 percent
Low⁽³⁾	DEF Buffer Tank Level		0 percent
High	DEF Bulk Tank Level Switch		Closed
Low	DEF Bulk Tank Level Switch		Closed
High	NO_x Conversion		Map - On
Low	NO_x Conversion		Map - On
Low⁽¹⁾	Tank Temperature		−6° C (21.2° F)
Low⁽²⁾	Tank Temperature		−8° C (17.6° F)
Low⁽³⁾	Tank Temperature		−9° C (16° F)
High	Tank Temperature		50° C (122° F)