C13 Industrial Engine Caterpillar

Storage (Less Than One Year)

If an engine is not used, oil can run off the following parts that normally receive lubrication: cylinder walls, piston rings, main bearings, connecting rod bearings, crankshaft and gears.

This lack of lubricant allows corrosion to begin to appear on the metal. This condition is worse in areas of high humidity.

When the engine is started again, metal to metal contact will cause wear before the surfaces receive oil. To minimize this wear, use the starter to turn the engine with the throttle in the FUEL OFF position. When oil pressure is shown on the pressure gauge, start the engine.

1. Clean the engine of any dirt, rust, grease, and oil. Inspect the exterior. Paint areas that contain paint damage with a good quality paint.

2. Remove dirt from the air cleaners. Check all seals, gaskets, and the filter element for damage.

3. Apply lubricant to all points in this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Maintenance Interval Schedule".

4. Drain the crankcase oil. Replace the crankcase oil and change the oil filters. For the proper procedure, refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual.

5. If the engine is equipped with an air starting motor, fill the reservoir with the following mixture: 50 percent volatile corrosion inhibitor oil (<nomen>VCI oil</nomen>) and 50 percent engine oil.

6. Add VCI oil to the crankcase oil. The volume of VCI oil in the crankcase oil should be 3 to 4 percent.

   Note: If the engine crankcase is full, drain enough engine oil so the mixture can be added.

7. Remove the air filter elements. Turn the engine at cranking speed with the throttle control in FUEL OFF position. Use a sprayer to add a mixture of 50 percent VCI oil and 50 percent engine oil into the air inlet or turbocharger inlet.

   Note: The mixture of VCI oil can be added to the inlet by removing the plug for checking turbocharger boost pressure. The minimum application rate for the VCI oil mixture is 5.5 mL per L (3 oz per 1000 cu in) of engine displacement.

8. Use a sprayer to apply a mixture of 50 percent VCI oil and 50 percent crankcase oil into the exhaust openings. The minimum application rate for the oil mixture is 5.5 mL per L (3 oz per 1000 cu in) of engine displacement. Seal the exhaust pipe and seal any drain holes in the muffler.

9. Remove the fuel from the secondary fuel filter housing. Alternately, empty and reinstall the spin-on fuel filter element in order to remove any dirt and water. Drain any sleeve metering fuel pump.

   Clean the primary fuel filter. Fill with calibration fluid or kerosene. Install the primary fuel filter and operate the priming pump. This procedure will send clean oil to the secondary filter and the engine.

   Open the fuel tank drain valve in order to drain any water and dirt from the fuel tank. Apply a spray of calibration fluid or kerosene at the rate of 30 mL per 30 L (1 oz per 7.50 gal US) of fuel tank capacity in order to prevent rust in the fuel tank. Add 0.15 mL per L (.02 oz per 1 gal US) of commercial biocide such as Biobor JF to the fuel.

   Apply a small amount of oil to the threads on the fuel tank filler neck and install the cap. Seal all openings to the tank in order to prevent evaporation of the fuel and as a preservative.

10. Remove the fuel nozzles or spark plugs. Apply 30 mL (1 oz) of the mixture of oils (50 percent VCI oil and 50 percent engine oil) into each cylinder.

    Use a bar or a turning tool in order to turn over the engine slowly. This procedure puts the oil on the cylinder walls. Install all fuel nozzles or spark plugs and tighten to the correct torque.

11. Spray a thin amount of a mixture of 50 percent VCI oil and 50 percent engine oil onto the following components: flywheel, ring gear teeth and starter pinion. Install the covers in order to prevent evaporation of the vapors from the VCI oil.

12. Apply a heavy amount of Cat Multipurpose Grease (MPGM) to all outside parts that move, such as rod threads, ball joints, linkage.

    Note: Install all covers. Ensure that tape has been installed over all openings, air inlets, exhaust openings, the flywheel housing, the crankcase breathers, the dipstick tubes.

    Ensure that all covers are airtight and weatherproof. Use a waterproof weather resistant tape such as Kendall No. 231 or an equivalent. Do not use duct tape. Duct tape will only seal for a short time.

13. Under most conditions, removing the batteries is the best procedure. As an alternative, place the batteries in storage. As needed, periodically charge the batteries while the batteries are in storage.

    If the batteries are not removed, wash the tops of the batteries until the tops are clean. Apply an electrical charge to the batteries in order to obtain a specific gravity of 1.225.

    Disconnect the battery terminals. Place a plastic cover over the batteries.

    Note: For additional information, refer to Special Instruction, SEHS7633, "Battery Test Procedure".

14. Loosen all belts.

15. Place a waterproof cover over the engine. Ensure that the engine cover is secure. The cover should be loose enough to allow air to circulate around the engine in order to prevent damage from condensation.

16. Attach a tag with the storage date to the engine.

17. Remove the waterproof cover at 2 month or 3 month intervals in order to check the engine for corrosion. If the engine has signs of corrosion, repeat the protection procedure.

Coolant System

Completely fill the cooling system before storage.

Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Fluid Recommendations" for more information about coolants.

Removal from Storage

1. Remove all outside protective covers.

2. Change the oil and filters.

3. Check the condition of the fan and alternator belts. Replace the belts, if necessary. Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, "Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace" for the correct procedure.

4. Replace the fuel filter elements.

5. Remove the plastic covers from the air cleaner elements.

6. Use a bar or a turning tool in order to turn the engine in the normal direction of rotation. The procedure ensures that no hydraulic locks or resistance exist.

7. Before starting the engine, remove the valve cover or covers. Put a large amount of engine oil on the camshaft, cam followers, and valve mechanism in order to prevent damage to the mechanism.

8. Pressure-lubricate the engine before starting the engine. Pressure lubricating the engine ensures immediate lubrication and prevents damage to the engine during the first few minutes of engine operation. If the engine is not equipped with a prelube pump, contact your Cat dealer for information about lubrication of the engine before starting the engine.

9. Check the condition of all rubber hoses. Replace any worn hoses. Replace any damaged hoses.

10. Before start-up, test the cooling system for a 3 percent to a 6 percent concentration of coolant conditioner. Add liquid coolant conditioner or a coolant conditioner element, if equipped.

    Test the coolant mixture for proper nitrite level. If necessary, adjust the coolant mixture.

    Prime the engine with clean diesel fuel before starting.

11. Ensure that the cooling system is clean. Ensure that the system is full. Ensure that the system has the correct amount of supplemental cooling system conditioner.

12. On the first day of operation, check the entire engine several times for leaks and correct operation.

13. If the engine was removed from storage in which temperatures of less than -12°C (10°F) were encountered, refer to Service Manual, SEBU5898, "Cold Weather Recommendations Operation and Maintenance".

Extended Storage (Engine with DEF Tank)

1. Ensure a normal shutdown. Properly cool the engine prior to shutting down.

2. Ensure a proper DEF purge. Do not disconnect the battery disconnect switch within 2 minutes after key off.

3. Fill the DEF tank with DEF that meets all requirements defined in "ISO 22241-1".

4. Ensure all DEF lines, and electrical connectors are connected prior to prevent crystal from forming.

5. Ensure that the DEF cap is properly installed.

Removal from Extended Storage (Engine with DEF Tank)

If the DEF tank was stored for a duration equal to or exceeding that listed in table 1 at the corresponding temperature, replace the DEF.

If the DEF quality is in doubt, test with a refractometer. DEF must be within the required range defined in "ISO 22241-1". For more detailed information about testing DEF quality, contact the local Caterpillar dealer.

1. Drain DEF from the tank, and refill with DEF that meets all requirements defined in "ISO 22241-1".

2. Replace the DEF filter.

3. Start the engine. If a fault code becomes active, turn off the engine, allow 2 minutes to purge, then restart the engine.

4. If a fault code continues to stay active, Refer to Troubleshooting.