Engine Description
Note: When you are ordering new parts, refer to the engine identification number in order to receive the correct parts.
The C1.1, C1.5, C2.2 NA, and C2.2 turbocharged engines are diesel engines that are controlled with a mechanically actuated fuel injection pump. The engine cylinders are arranged in-line.
The cylinder head assembly has one inlet valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder. Each cylinder valve has a single valve spring. The pistons have two compression rings and an oil control ring.
It is important to ensure the correct piston height so that the piston does not contact the cylinder head. The correct piston height also ensures the efficient combustion of fuel which is necessary in order to conform to requirements for emissions.
The crankshaft for the C1.1 and C1.5 engines have four main bearing journals. The crankshafts for the C2.2 NA and C2.2 Turbocharged engines have five main bearing journals. End play for all the engines is controlled by the thrust washers that are located on the rear main bearing. The C1.1 and C1.5 engines have aluminum bearing caps on the rear main bearing that act as thrust washers.
The timing gears are stamped with timing marks in order to ensure the correct alignment of the gears during assembly. When the No. 1 piston is at top center compression stroke, the teeth that are stamped on the crankshaft gear and the camshaft gear will be in alignment with the idler gear.
The crankshaft gear turns the idler gear which then turns the camshaft gear.
The fuel injection pump and the fuel priming pump are mounted on the cylinder block. Both pumps are operated by the camshaft lobes.
The fuel injection pump conforms to requirements for emissions. Adjustments to the fuel injection pump timing and high idle should only be made by trained personnel. The fuel injection pumps have mechanical governors that control the engine rpm.
The engine oil pump is a gerotor type pump. The engine oil pump is located in the center of the idler gear. The engine oil pump sends lubricating oil to the main oil gallery through an oil relief valve that is located on the right side of the cylinder block. The rocker arm levers receive pressurized oil through an externally located oil line. The oil line runs from the main oil gallery to the cylinder head.
Coolant from the bottom of the radiator passes through the belt driven centrifugal water pump. The coolant is cooled by the radiator and the temperature is regulated by a water temperature regulator.
Lifting the Engine
| NOTICE |
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Failure to follow recommended procedures for handling or transporting engines can lead to engine damage. To avoid possible engine damage, use the following procedure. |
When you are lifting or moving the engine, use the following procedures in order to prevent engine damage.
- Do not tilt the engine to an extreme angle unless the lubricating oil is first drained from the oil pan.
- Do not turn the engine onto a side or an end surface unless the lubricating oil is first drained from the oil pan.
- If the oil is not drained prior to tilting the engine or turning the engine onto a side or an end surface, the lubricating oil from the oil pan can flow into the inlet manifold and the cylinder bores. This situation could cause a hydraulic lock in the engine. Hydraulic lock can severely damage the engine.
- The engine oil should be refilled to the correct level before the engine is started.
Engine Model Views
The following model views show typical features of the C1.5, C2.2 NA, and C2.2 Turbocharged engines. Due to individual applications, your engine may appear different from the illustrations.
Note: Individual components are detailed on the C2.2 Turbocharged engine only.
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| Illustration 1 | g01334418 |
Typical view of the C1.5 engine | |
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| Illustration 2 | g01334429 |
Left side view of the C2.2 Turbocharged engine (1) Fuel shutoff solenoid (2) Number one fuel injector (3) Water pump (4) Lower engine oil filler cap (5) Throttle lever (6) Cover plate for the accessory drive (7) Engine oil level gauge (8) Engine oil cooler (9) Engine oil filter (10) Fuel injection pump (11) Transfer pump (12) Fuel filter | |
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| Illustration 3 | g01334477 |
Right side view of the C2.2 Turbocharged engine (13) Top engine oil filler cap (14) Crankcase breather (15) Rear lifting eye (16) Air inlet elbow (17) Valve mechanism cover (18) Turbocharger (19) Water temperature regulator housing (20) Starting motor solenoid (21) Electric starting motor (22) Alternator (23) Engine oil pan (24) Engine oil drain plug (25) Fan drive belt (26) Crankshaft pulley (27) Coolant temperature switch (28) Cooling fan | |