Illustration 1 | g00863473 |
Electronic Control System Components (left side view) (1) Connector for the injection actuation pressure control valve (2) Rail pressure sensor (3) Coolant temperature sensor (4) Atmospheric pressure sensor (5) Inlet air temperature sensor (6) Boost pressure sensor (7) Speed/Timing sensors (8) Oil pressure sensor (9) ECM |
The electronic control system is integrally designed into the engine's fuel system and the engine's air inlet and exhaust system in order to electronically control the fuel delivery and the injection timing. The electronic control system provides increased timing control and fuel air ratio control in comparison to conventional mechanical engines. Injection timing is achieved by the precise control of the injector firing time. Engine rpm is controlled by adjusting the injection duration. The ECM energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to start the injection of fuel. Also, the ECM de-energizes the unit injector solenoids in order to stop the injection of fuel.
Refer to Systems Operation/Testing And Adjusting, "HEUI Injector Operation" for a complete explanation of the fuel injection process.
The engine uses the following three types of electronic components:
- input component
- control component
- output component
An input component is one that sends an electrical signal to the ECM of the system. The signal that is sent varies in either of the following ways:
- voltage
- frequency
- pulse width
The variation of the signal is in response to a change in some specific system of the vehicle. Some specific examples of an input component are the engine speed-timing sensors, the coolant temperature sensor, and the cruise control switches. The ECM interprets the signal from the input component as information about the condition, environment, or operation of the vehicle.
A control component (ECM) receives the input signals from the input components. Electronic circuits inside the control component evaluate the signals from the input components. These electronic circuits also supply electrical energy to the output components of the system. The electrical energy that is supplied to the output components is based on predetermined combinations of input signal values.
An output component is one that is operated by a control module. The output component receives electrical energy from the control group. The output component uses that electrical energy in one of two ways. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to perform work. The output component can use that electrical energy in order to provide information.
As an example, a moving solenoid plunger will perform work. By performing work, the component has functioned in order to regulate the vehicle.
As an example, a dash panel light or an alarm will provide information to the operator of the vehicle.
These electronic components provide the ability to electronically control the engine operation. Engines with electronic controls offer the following advantages:
- improvement in performance
- improvement in fuel consumption
- reduction in emissions levels
Electrical Connectors And Functions     | |
J/P No.     | Connector     |
J1/P1     | ECM (70 pin, OEM Harness Connector)     |
J2/P2     | ECM (70 pin, Engine Harness Connector)     |
J100/P100     | Coolant Temperature Sensor (2 pin)     |
J103/P103     | Inlet Air Temperature Sensor for the Inlet Manifold(2 Pin)     |
J200/P200     | Boost Pressure Sensor (3 pin)     |
J203/P203     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (3 pin)     |
J204/P204     | Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor (3 pin)     |
J300/P300     | Unit Injector (12 pin)     |
J301/P301     | No. 1 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J302/P302     | No. 2 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J303/P303     | No. 3 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J304/P304     | No. 4 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J305/P305     | No. 5 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J306/P306     | No. 6 Unit Injector (2 pin)     |
J401/P401     | Top Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing Sensor (2 pin)     |
J402/P402     | Bottom Camshaft Engine Speed/Timing Sensor (2 pin)     |
J403/P403     | Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor (3 pin)     |
J500/P500     | Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve (2 pin)     |
J501/P501     | Air Inlet Heater Relay (2 pin)     |
J648/P648     | Lamp of Air Inlet Heater (2 pin)     |
Diagnostic Flash Codes     | ||
---|---|---|
PID-FMI     | Flash Code     | Description of Code     |
1-11     | 72     | Cylinder 1 Fault     |
2-11     | 72     | Cylinder 2 Fault     |
3-11     | 73     | Cylinder 3 Fault     |
4-11     | 73     | Cylinder 4 Fault     |
5-11     | 74     | Cylinder 5 Fault     |
6-11     | 74     | Cylinder 6 Fault     |
22-13     | 42     | Check Timing Sensor Calibration     |
30-08     | 29     | Invalid PTO Throttle Signal     |
30-13     | 29     | PTO Throttle Sensor Calibration     |
41-03     | 21     | 8 Volt Supply Above Normal     |
41-04     | 21     | 8 Volt Supply Below Normal     |
42-11     | 18     | Injection Actuation Pressure Control Valve Driver Fault     |
43-02     | 71     | Ignition Keyswitch Fault     |
64-02     | 34     | Loss of Engine RPM Signal on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 2     |
64-11     | 34     | No Pattern on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 2     |
70-05     | 49     | Air Inlet Heater Open Circuit     |
70-06     | 49     | Air Inlet Heater Short Circuit     |
71-00     | 01     | Idle Shutdown Override     |
71-01     | 47     | Idle Shutdown Occurrence     |
71-14     | 47     | PTO Shutdown Occurrence     |
84-00     | 41     | Vehicle Overspeed Warning     |
84-01     | 31     | Loss of Vehicle Speed Signal     |
84-02     | 36     | Invalid Vehicle Speed Signal     |
84-08     | 36     | Vehicle Speed Out of Range     |
84-10     | 36     | Vehicle Speed Rate of Change     |
91-08     | 32     | Invalid Throttle Signal     |
91-13     | 28     | Throttle Sensor Calibration     |
100-03     | 24     | Open Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor     |
100-04     | 24     | Short Circuit of Oil Pressure Sensor     |
100-11     | 46     | Very Low Oil Pressure     |
102-03     | 25     | Boost Pressure Sensor Open Circuit     |
102-04     | 25     | Boost Pressure Sensor Short Circuit     |
105-03     | 38     | Inlet Manifold Air Temperature Sensor Open Circuit     |
105-04     | 38     | Inlet Manifold Air Temperature Sensor Short Circuit     |
108-03     | 26     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Open Circuit     |
108-04     | 26     | Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Short Circuit     |
110-00     | 61     | High Coolant Temperature Warning     |
110-03     | 27     | Coolant Temperature Sensor Open Circuit     |
110-04     | 27     | Coolant Temperature Sensor Short Circuit     |
110-11     | 61     | Very High Coolant Temperature     |
111-01     | 62     | Low Coolant Level Warning     |
111-02     | 12     | Coolant Level Sensor Fault     |
111-11     | 62     | Very Low Coolant Level     |
164-00     | 17     | Injection Actuation Pressure Out of Range     |
164-02     | 15     | Injection Actuation Pressure Sensor Erratic     |
164-03     | 15     | Injection Actuation Pressure Open Circuit     |
164-04     | 15     | Injection Actuation Pressure Short Circuit     |
164-11     | 39     | Injection Actuation Pressure System     |
168-02     | 51     | Intermittent Battery Power to the ECM     |
190-00     | 35     | Engine Overspeed Warning     |
190-02     | 34     | Loss of RPM Signal on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 1     |
190-11     | 34     | No Pattern on Engine Speed and Timing Sensor Number 1     |
231-11     | 58     | J1939 Data Link Fault     |
232-03     | 21     | 5 Volt Supply Above Normal     |
232-04     | 21     | 5 Volt Supply Below Normal     |
246-11     | 00     | Service Brake Switch Number 1 Fault     |
247-11     | 00     | Service Brake Switch Number 2 Fault     |
252-11     | 59     | Incorrect Engine Software     |
253-02     | 59     | Check Customer or System Parameters     |