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| Illustration 1 | g00294115 |
Torque Converter (1) Rotating housing. (2) Impeller. (3) Gear. (4) Inlet port. (5) Output shaft. (6) Turbine. (7) Stator. (8) Adapter. (9) Carrier assembly. (10) Outlet port. | |
The torque converter is located at the input end of the transmission. The torque converter housing is bolted to the flywheel housing. Output torque from the torque converter enters the planetary transmission through either the Number 1 sun gear or the Number 2 sun gear. The gear that receives the output is dependent upon the directional clutch that is engaged.
Oil for the operation of the torque converter is supplied by the transmission oil pump. Oil from the transmission oil pump flows to the torque converter housing. The oil flow is divided in the torque converter housing. Oil flows to the transmission hydraulic control relief valve and the transmission modulating solenoid valves. The transmission hydraulic control relief valve allows P3 converter inlet oil to flow to the torque converter at a nominal pressure of 550 kPa (80 psi). The torque converter inlet relief valve limits the oil flow to the torque converter to a maximum pressure of 900 ± 70 kPa (130 ± 10 psi). The torque converter inlet relief valve is located in the torque converter housing beneath the transmission hydraulic control relief valve.
The torque converter outlet pressure is 415 kPa (60 psi).
Rotating housing (1), impeller (2), and oil pump drive gear (3) are driven by the flywheel. These components rotate as a unit at the engine speed.
The oil from the transmission hydraulic control relief valve enters the torque converter through inlet port (4) in carrier assembly (9). The oil is directed to the inlet port by a passage in the torque converter housing. From inlet port (4), the oil flows through carrier assembly (9) and through a passage in impeller (2) .
As impeller (2) rotates, the impeller acts as a pump in order to direct the oil to turbine (6). The turbine is fastened to the hub assembly with bolts. The hub assembly is connected to output shaft (5) by splines. The turbine directs oil to stator (7) that is held stationary. The stator is connected to adapter (8) with splines. Adapter (8) is connected to carrier assembly (9) with splines. Carrier assembly (9) is bolted to the torque converter housing .
The oil flows through a passage in carrier assembly (9) to outlet port (10). From outlet port (10), oil is directed to the torque converter oil cooler. The temperature of the oil is lowered in the torque converter oil cooler. From the torque converter oil cooler, the oil flows to the transmission. The oil cools the internal components of the transmission. The oil lubricates the internal components of the transmission.
Torque Converter (Freewheel Stator)
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| Illustration 2 | g00917335 |
Torque Converter with Freewheel Stator (1) Rotating housing (2) Impeller (3) Gear (4) Inlet port (5) Output shaft (6) Turbine (7) Plate (8) Stator (9) Race (10) Carrier assembly (11) Outlet port | |
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| Illustration 3 | g00908953 |
(9) Race (12) Cam (13) Spring (14) Slot (15) Cam surface (16) Roller | |
Rotating housing (1), impeller (2), and oil pump drive gear (3) are driven by the flywheel. These components rotate as a unit at the engine speed.
P3 converter inlet oil enters the torque converter through inlet port (4) in carrier assembly (10). The oil is directed to the inlet port by a passage in the torque converter housing. From inlet port (4), the oil flows through carrier assembly (10) and through a passage in impeller (2) .
As impeller (2) rotates, the impeller acts as a pump in order to direct the oil to turbine (6). The turbine is fastened to the hub assembly with bolts. The hub assembly is connected to output shaft (5) with splines. The turbine directs oil to stator (8) that is held stationary.
Stator (8) is connected to freewheel cam (12) with splines. Stator (8) and freewheel cam (12) rotate together. Freewheel race (9) is held stationary. Springs (13) are inserted between cam (12) and rollers (16). Race (9) is connected to carrier (10) with splines. Carrier (10) is fastened to the cover that is around the torque converter. Carrier (10) and race (9) do not rotate. The carrier helps to support the rotating components of the converter. The carrier also contains the oil flow passages for the operation of the converter.
The oil flows through a passage in carrier assembly (10) to outlet port (11). From outlet port (11), oil is directed to the torque converter oil cooler. The temperature of the oil is lowered in the torque converter oil cooler. From the torque converter oil cooler, the oil flows to the transmission. The oil cools the internal components of the transmission. The oil lubricates the internal components of the transmission.