Introduction

Reference: For Specifications with illustrations, refer to the Specifications for the CP-533 & CS-533 Vibration System, Form No. KENR1895. If the Specifications in Form No. KENR1895 are not the same as listed in the Systems Operation and the Testing And Adjusting, look at the print date on the front cover of each book. Use the Specifications listed in the book with the latest date.

Vibration System Schematic
(1) Vibration motor. (2) Vibration cooling valve. (3) Vibration pump. (4) Hydraulic oil cooler. (5) Return manifold. (6) Vibration amplitude valve.

The vibration system is a hydraulic operated, closed loop system. The main components of the vibration system are vibration motor (1), vibration cooling valve (2), vibration pump (3), hydraulic oil cooler (4), return manifold (5) and vibration amplitude valve (6).

Charge oil for the vibration system comes from the hydraulic oil filter and is supplied by the return oil from the steering system.

Left Side Of Engine
(3) Vibration pump.

Vibration pump (3) is driven from the accessory drive on the left side of the engine. The pump rotates counterclockwise at the same speed as the engine. The pump is a variable displacement axial piston design.

Vibration Cooling Valve Location
(2) Vibration cooling valve.

Vibration cooling valve (2) allows hot low pressure oil from the low pressure loop line to combine with oil from the propulsion system cooling valve. The oil then flows to return manifold (5), through hydraulic oil cooler (4), and then to the hydraulic tank. This allows fresh charge oil to enter the low pressure loop line through the charge check valves in the vibration pump.

Vibration Motor Location
(1) Vibration motor.

Vibration motor (1) is located on the right side of the drum, mounted on the gearbox. The vibration motor is a fixed displacement, bi-directional, axial piston type. A change in the direction of oil flow through the vibration motor changes the drum amplitude.

Return Manifold Location
(5) Return manifold.

Return oil from vibration cooling valve (2) flows through return manifold (5) to hydraulic oil cooler (4). The oil then flows to the hydraulic tank. If the flow of oil through the hydraulic oil cooler is restricted, and the oil pressure becomes more than 205 kPa (30 psi), a check valve inside the return manifold will open and allow the oil to bypass the hydraulic oil cooler and flow to hydraulic tank.

Vibration Amplitude Valve Location
(6) Vibration amplitude valve.

Vibration amplitude valve (6) is bolted to the side of the engine, directly under the vibration pump. The vibration amplitude valve receives charge oil from the hydraulic oil filter. The vibration amplitude valve either blocks the charge oil or routes it to one of the servo ports of the vibration pump.

Vibration Pump

Vibration Pump
(1) Vibration pump. (2) Servo piston assembly. (3) Manual servo valve.

The amount and direction of oil flow from vibration pump (1) to the vibration motor is controlled by servo piston assembly (2) and the vibration amplitude valve. Manual servo control valve (3) is not used in this application.

Vibration Pump (Swashplate at zero angle)
(4) Drive shaft. (5) Piston. (6) Port plate. (7) Swashplate. (8) Cylinder. (9) Housing.

When the engine is running, drive shaft (4) and cylinder (8) are rotating. There are seven pistons (5) in the cylinder. Port plate (6) and swashplate (7) are fastened to or held by housing (9) and do not rotate. When the cylinder is rotating, each of the pistons follow the angle of the swashplate. If the swashplate angle is at zero, the pistons do not move in and out of the cylinder and there is no oil flow. Charge oil from the steering system maintains oil pressure in the pump to keep the vibration circuit full of oil and to lubricate the pump components.

Vibration Pump (Swashplate at maximum angle)
(6) Port plate. (8) Cylinder. (9) Housing. (10) Splines. (11) Spring. (12) Closed circuit loop line port. (13) Retaining ring. (14) Retainer. (15) Closed circuit loop line port.

When the swashplate is moved to the maximum angle, the piston move in and out of the cylinder at the maximum stroke. As the piston moves out of the cylinder, oil from the low pressure loop line is supplied behind it. When the piston moves back into the cylinder the oil that is pushed ahead of the piston goes through port plate (6) and into closed circuit loop line port (12).

NOTE: Closed circuit loop line port (12) is shown as a high pressure loop line, and closed circuit loop line port (15) is shown as a low pressure loop line in the illustration. Moving the swashplate over-center in the opposite direction causes a change in the direction of flow. Closed circuit loop line port (12) becomes low pressure and closed circuit loop line port (15) becomes high pressure.

Port plate (6) and the end of cylinder (8) are high pressure, metal to metal, seal surfaces and are precision machined parts that must be protected from damage. Retainer (14) is against the edge of splines (10). Retaining ring (13) is in a groove in the bore of the cylinder. The force of spring (11) between the retainer and retaining ring (13) holds the cylinder tight against the port plate and the port plate against housing (9).

The swashplate has a pin attached that is moved by the servo piston assembly. The servo piston assembly controls both the direction and amount of swashplate angle.

Vibration Pump
(12) Closed circuit loop line port. (15) Closed circuit loop line port. (16) High pressure relief valve (High amplitude). (17) Charge oil inlet. (18) Charge relief valve. (19) High pressure relief valve (Low amplitude).

The vibration pump contains charge relief valve (18) and high pressure relief valves (16) and (19), one for the high amplitude side of the closed loop circuit and one for the low amplitude side of the closed loop circuit. Both the charge relief valve and high pressure relief valves are of the direct acting type.

Vibration Pump Schematic
(12) Closed circuit loop line port. (15) Closed circuit loop line port. (16) High pressure relief valve (High amplitude). (17) Charge oil inlet. (18) Charge relief valve. (19) High pressure relief valve (Low amplitude). (20) Check valves. (21) Case drain oil line.

Charge oil enters the vibration pump through charge oil inlet (17). If the oil pressure is less than the relief valve setting, the force of the relief valve spring keeps charge relief valve (18) closed. When the oil pressure increases to the relief valve setting, the oil pressure will move the valve against the spring and oil will flow to the pump case. From the pump case the oil flows through case drain oil line (21) to the vibration motor, and then to the hydraulic tank.

The maximum working pressure for each closed circuit loop line is limited to 28 000 kPa (4060 psi) above charge pressure by high pressure relief valves (16) and (19). Check valves (20) are built into the high pressure relief valves. The primary purpose of the check valves is to provide a means to keep closed circuit loop lines (12) and (15) full of oil, to make-up for leakage and protect the charge system from high pressure oil when the vibration system is in operation.

Servo Piston Assembly And Vibration Amplitude Valve

Servo Piston Assembly
(1) Lever. (2) Piston. (3) Adjusting screw. (4) Low amplitude limiter. (5) Cavity. (6) Cavity. (7) High amplitude limiter.

Vibration Amplitude Valve
(8) High amplitude solenoid coil. (9) Low amplitude solenoid coil. (10) Valve body.

The pump swashplate is moved by the servo piston assembly. The servo piston is a double-acting piston that is a part of the vibration pump. The swashplate is connected to the center of the piston with lever (1).

The vibration amplitude valve is a solenoid operated, three position valve. The vibration amplitude valve has two coils. The vibration amplitude valve controls the flow of charge oil to the servo piston assembly. Orifices are installed in the two signal oil lines that connect the vibration amplitude valve to the servo piston assembly. The orifices are used to control the rate at which the servo piston assembly stokes and destrokes.

When the vibratory control switch is in the OFF position, high amplitude solenoid coil (8) and low amplitude solenoid coil (9) are not energized. Charge oil is blocked by the valve spool inside valve body (10) and both ends of the servo piston assembly are vented to the hydraulic oil tank through the vibration amplitude valve. Piston (2) is held in the center position by adjusting screw (3) and a spring. The vibration pump swashplate will remain at zero angle and there is no oil flow from the vibration pump.

When the vibratory control switch is depressed to the ON position and the vibratory selector switch is at the HIGH AMPLITUDE position, high amplitude solenoid coil (8) is energized. The valve spool inside valve body (10) moves against the force of the centering spring and allows charge oil pressure to flow to cavity (5) of the servo piston assembly. Cavity (6) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through the vibration amplitude valve. Piston (2) is moved against high amplitude limiter (7). This will move the swashplate to the maximum angle for high amplitude.

When the vibratory control switch is depressed to the ON position and the vibratory selector switch is at the LOW AMPLITUDE position, low amplitude solenoid coil (9) is energized. The valve spool inside valve body (10) moves against the force of the other centering spring and allows charge oil pressure to flow to cavity (6) of the servo piston assembly. Cavity (5) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through the vibration amplitude valve. Piston (2) is moved against low amplitude limiter (4). This will move the swashplate to the maximum angle for low amplitude.

Vibration Cooling Valve

Vibration Cooling Valve
(1) Vibration cooling valve. (2) Shuttle valve. (3) Cooling (flushing) relief valve.

Vibration cooling valve (1) contains three test ports, shuttle valve (2) and cooling (flushing) relief valve (3).

Vibration Cooling Valve Schematic
(3) Cooling relief valve. (4) Spring. (5) Port to loop line. (6) Port to cooling relief valve and hydraulic oil cooler. (7) Port to loop line. (8) Port to loop line. (9) Port to loop line. (10) Shuttle spool.

Shuttle Valve
(4) Spring. (5) Port to loop line. (6) Port to cooling relief valve and hydraulic oil cooler. (7) Port to loop line. (8) Port to loop line. (9) Port to loop line. (10) Shuttle spool.

Shuttle valve (2) is a three position, spring centered valve. When oil from the high pressure side of the vibration system loop is at ports (7) and (9), shuttle spool (10) movel all the way to the opposite end of the valve body. Oil from the low pressure side of the vibration system loop goes through port (8), around the shuttle spool and through port (6) to the cooling relief valve. The oil then goes to the hydraulic oil cooler.

When oil from the high pressure side of the vibration system loop is at ports (5) and (8), the shuttle spool moves all the way to the opposite end of the valve body. Oil from the low pressure side of the vibration system loop goes through port (9), around the shuttle spool and through port (6) to the cooling relief valve. The oil then goes to the hydraulic oil cooler.

The shuttle valve always allows oil from the low pressure side of the vibration loop to go to the hydraulic oil cooler.

NOTE: The shuttle valve used in the vibration cooling valve is different from the shuttle valve used in the propulsion system cooling valve. Both shuttle valves are spring centered. The shuttle valve in the propulsion system cooling valve is a closed-center valve and blocks the oil flow to the vibration cooling valve. The shuttle valve in the vibration cooling valve is a open-center valve and allows oil from the vibration system to flow to the hydraulic oil cooler.

Cooling relief valve
(11) Adjustment screw. (12) Spring. (13) Port to oil cooler. (14) Port to propulsion and vibration cooling valves. (15) Piston.

Cooling relief valve (3) maintains a pressure setting of 2400 ± 345 kPa (350 ± 20 psi) while the machine is propelling and operating the vibratory system. The cooling relief valve serves to maintain flushing back-pressure and provide a flow path to the oil cooler. Low pressure loop oil from the propulsion cooling valve and vibration cooling valve put pressure on port (14). When the pressure on the end of piston (15) is greater than the force of spring (12), piston (15) moves and allows oil to go through port (13) to the hydraulic oil cooler. Screw (11) is used to adjust the valve pressure setting.

NOTE: The cooling relief valve is bench set and sealed by the valve manufacturer to maintain a pressure setting of 2400 ± 345 kPa (350 ± 20 psi). Unless the cooling relief valve is replaced, adjustment of the cooling relief valve should not be necessary. If replacement of the cooling relief valve was necessary, refer to the topic Cooling Valve Pressure Test in the Testing And Adjusting section of this module for the correct procedure.

Vibration Motor

Components Of Vibration Motor
(1) End cap. (2) Valve plate. (3) Cylinder block. (4) Piston. (5) Shaft. (6) Motor cylinder/piston assembly. (7) Displacement control angle. (8) Motor housing.

The vibration motor is a fixed displacement hydraulic motor. Oil flows to and from the motor through hoses attached to end cap (1).

High pressure oil from the pump enters the motor through the end cap. The oil then passes through valve plate (2) and acts upon piston (4) in motor cylinder block (3). Piston (4) is one of seven pistons of motor cylinder/piston assembly (6).

As the pistons react to the high pressure oil, the motor cylinder/piston assembly rotates and transmits the power generated through shaft (5). The displacement of the motor is controlled by non-adjustable displacement control angle (7) machined into motor housing (8).

Cooling and lubricating the internal moving parts of the motor is done with normal internal leakage oil. A case drain system is used to return this oil to the hydraulic tank. The case drain hoses are attached to the end cap and oil is routed from there back to the tank.

After driving the vibration motor, the oil flows from motor into the low pressure loop line.

Vibratory Drum Assembly

Vibratory Drum Assembly
(1) Eccentric weight. (2) Eccentric weight. (3) Drive shaft. (4) Vibration motor. (5) Coupling shaft. (6) Coupling.

Vibratory action for the machine occurs at the drum assembly. Drive shaft (3) is connected to vibration motor (4) with coupling (6). Eccentric weights (1) and (2) are connected by coupling shaft (5).

When the operator turns the vibration system on, the vibration motor causes drive shaft (3), eccentric weight (2), coupling shaft (5) and eccentric weight (1) to rotate. The rotation of the eccentric weights creates the desired vibratory action of the drum assembly.

Eccentric Weight Cross Section (High Amplitude)
(6) Steel shot.

Eccentric weights (1) and (2) are loaded with steel shot (6). When the vibratory selection switch is placed in the high amplitude mode, the eccentric weights rotate in one direction. The steel shot is captured in one side of the weight compartment as shown above.

The weight of the steel shot in this position increases the natural eccentricity of the weights. This causes the drum assembly to vibrate in the high amplitude mode.

Eccentric Weight Cross Section (Low Amplitude)
(6) Steel shot.

When the vibratory selection switch is placed in the low amplitude mode, the eccentric weights rotate in the opposite direction. This causes steel shot (6) to be captured in the opposite side of the weight compartment as shown above.

The weight of the steel shot in this position offsets the natural eccentricity of the weights. This causes the drum assembly to vibrate in the low amplitude mode.

Circuit Functions

Vibration System - OFF

Vibration System Circuit Diagram - OFF
(1) Vibration motor. (2) Cooling (flushing) relief valve. (3) Oil line from propulsion cooling valve. (4) Closed circuit loop line. (5) Check valve. (6) Servo piston assembly. (7) Charge relief valve. (8) Oil line from hydraulic oil filter. (9) Vibration pump. (10) Vibration cooling valve. (11) Closed circuit loop line. (12) Check valve. (13) Hydraulic oil tank. (14) Vibration amplitude valve.

Return oil from the steering system supplies the charge oil (make-up oil) for the vibration system. Charge oil is supplied to the hydraulic oil filter before entering the vibration system through oil line (8).

When either the vibratory control switch on top of the propulsion control lever or the vibratory selection switch is placed in the OFF position, electric circuit to vibration control solenoid valve (14) is isolated. The vibration amplitude valve is held in position (E) (null position) by the two centering springs. The vibration amplitude valve blocks charge oil from flowing through servo piston assembly (6), and the vibration pump swashplate is at zero angle (neutral position). In this position there is no flow of oil from vibration pump (9) to vibration motor (1).

When the vibration system or propulsion system are not in use the charge pressure is limited to 2900 + 210 - 0 kPa (420 + 30 - 0 psi) at 38°C (100°F) minimum by charge relief valve (7) when measured after the hydraulic oil filter. Excess charge oil passes through the vibration pump and motor cases, the propulsion pumps and the vibration cooling valve before returning to hydraulic oil tank (13).

Charge oil enters into closed circuit loop lines (4) and (11) through check valves (5) and (12). Because the charge pressure in both closed circuit loop lines is equal the shuttle valve spool inside vibration cooling valve (10) is held in position (B) and oil flow is blocked.

When the propulsion system is in operation, hot low pressure oil flows from the propulsion cooling valve into vibration cooling valve (10) through oil line (3). When measured at the vibration cooling valve, cooling relief valve (2) limits the charge pressure for the vibration system and propulsion system to 2400 ± 345 kPa (350 ± 20 psi) at 38°C (100°F) minimum.

Vibration System On - Hi Amplitude

Vibration System Circuit Diagram - ON- HIGH AMPLITUDE
(1) Vibration motor. (2) Cooling (flushing) relief valve. (3) Oil line from propulsion cooling valve. (4) Closed circuit loop line. (5) Check valve. (6) Servo piston assembly. (7) Charge relief valve. (8) Oil line from hydraulic oil filter. (9) Vibration pump. (10) Vibration cooling valve. (11) Closed circuit loop line. (13) Hydraulic oil tank. (14) Vibration amplitude valve. (15) High pressure relief valve.

Vibration amplitude valve (14) receives an electrical input when the vibratory control switch is in the ON position and the vibratory selection switch is moved to the HIGH AMPLITUDE position. The electrical input causes the vibration amplitude valve to move from position (E) to position (D). This allows charge oil from oil line (8) to pass across the rotary valve to servo piston assembly (6), moving the swashplate to maximum angle for high amplitude. The vibratory selector switch controls the direction of swashplate angle by sending current to one of the vibration amplitude valve coils.

High pressure oil delivered from vibration pump (9) flows into closed circuit loop line (11). The high pressure oil drives vibration motor (1). Low pressure oil from the vibration motor flows back to the vibration pump through closed circuit loop line (4).

For machines with serial numbers 3BL1-UP and 3ZL1-UP, the maximum working pressure for closed circuit loop line (11) is limited to 21 000 kPa (3045 psi) above return loop pressure by high pressure relief valve (15). When the circuit pressure increases the high pressure relief valve setting, oil passes from the closed circuit loop line into the charge circuit. The oil then returns to hydraulic oil tank (13).

For machines with serial numbers 4HL1-UP and 5AL1-UP, the maximum working pressure for closed circuit loop line (11) is limited to 25 000 kPa (3625 psi) above return loop pressure by high pressure relief valve (15). When the circuit pressure increases the high pressure relief valve setting, oil passes from the closed circuit loop line into the charge circuit. The oil then returns to hydraulic oil tank (13).

When the vibration system is being operated, the return loop pressure is limited to 2400 ± 140 kPa (350 ± 20 psi) by cooling relief valve (2). High pressure oil in closed circuit loop line (11) moves the shuttle valve spool inside vibration cooling valve (10) from position (B) to position (C). Hot low pressure oil in closed circuit loop line (4) flows through vibration cooling valve (10) and combines with oil from the propulsion cooling valve. Oil from the propulsion cooling valve enters the vibration system through oil line (3). The oil flows through cooling relief valve (2) and the hydraulic oil cooler before entering the hydraulic oil tank. Fresh charge oil enters low pressure closed circuit loop line (4) through check valve (5), compensating for oil loss through the vibration cooling valve and internal leakage.

Oil which passes from the closed circuit into the vibration pump and motor cases is returned to the hydraulic oil tank.

Vibration System ON - LOW AMPLITUDE

Vibration System Circuit Diagram - ON- LOW AMPLITUDE
(1) Vibration motor. (2) Cooling relief valve. (3) Oil line from propulsion cooling valve. (4) Closed circuit loop line. (6) Servo piston assembly. (8) Oil line from hydraulic oil filter. (9) Vibration pump. (10) Vibration cooling valve. (11) Closed circuit loop line. (12) Check valve. (13) Hydraulic oil tank. (14) Vibration amplitude valve. (16) High pressure relief valve.

Vibration amplitude valve (14) receives an electrical input when the vibratory control switch is in the ON position and the vibratory selection switch is moved to the LOW AMPLITUDE position. The electrical input causes the vibration amplitude valve to move from position (E) to position (F). This allows charge oil from oil line (8) to pass across the rotary valve to servo piston assembly (6), moving the swashplate to maximum angle for low amplitude. The vibratory selector switch controls the direction of swashplate angle by sending current to one of the vibration amplitude valve coils.

High pressure oil delivered from vibration pump (9) flows into closed circuit loop line (4). The high pressure oil drives vibration motor (1). Low pressure oil from the vibration motor flows back to the vibration pump through closed circuit loop line (11).

For machines with serial numbers 3BL1-UP and 3ZL1-UP, the maximum working pressure for closed circuit loop line (11) is limited to 21 000 kPa (3045 psi) above return loop pressure by high pressure relief valve (16). When the circuit pressure increases to the high pressure relief valve setting, oil passes from the closed circuit loop line into the charge circuit. The oil then returns to hydraulic oil tank (13).

For machines with serial numbers 4HL1-UP and 5AL1-UP, the maximum working pressure for closed circuit loop line (11) is limited to 25 000 kPa (3625 psi) above return loop pressure by high pressure relief valve (16). When the circuit pressure increases to the high pressure relief valve setting, oil passes from the closed circuit loop line into the charge circuit. The oil then returns to hydraulic oil tank (13).

When the vibration system is being operated, the return loop pressure is limited to 2400 ± 345 kPa (350 ± 20 psi) by cooling relief valve (2). High pressure oil in closed circuit loop line (4) moves the shuttle valve spool inside vibration cooling valve (10) from position (B) to position (A). Hot low pressure oil in closed circuit loop line (11) flows through vibration cooling valve (10) and combines with oil from the propulsion cooling valve. Oil from the propulsion cooling valve enters the vibration system through oil line (3). The oil flows through cooling relief valve (2) and the hydraulic oil cooler before entering the hydraulic oil tank. Fresh charge oil enters low pressure closed circuit loop line (11) through check valve (12), compensating for oil loss through the vibration cooling valve and internal leakage.

Oil which passes from the closed circuit into the vibration pump and motor cases is returned to the hydraulic oil tank.