C7.1 Industrial Engine and Generator Set Caterpillar


Oil Contains Fuel

Usage:

C7.1 770

测量燃油稀释

柴油在化学组分上与用于柴油机的润滑油相似。 缓慢的燃油泄漏将使燃油混入机油中。 正常的运转温度也许造成燃油的挥发部分汽化。 保留在机油中的燃油不易挥发。

可以执行闭杯闪点测试以检测燃油稀释。 闪点测试用来测量机油中残余燃油的挥发部分。 检测较少的挥发燃油是困难的。 挥发不足会降低闪点测试的准确性。

因为闪点测试不能准确检测燃油稀释,不要将闪点测试作为燃油稀释测量的唯一方法。 作为替代,用下列方法验证稀释:

  • 气相色谱燃油稀释测试

  • 机油粘度

使用气相色谱的测试,用于测量曲轴箱机油中的燃油稀释。 气相色谱可识别柴油和润滑油之间微小的化学组分差异。 所有 Caterpillar 地区 SOS 维修实验室用气相色谱测量燃油稀释。 某些 Cat 代理商也用气相色谱法。 即使气相色谱提供更精确的燃油稀释测量值,但总是用粘度测试确认检查结果。

燃油稀释降低机油粘度影响显著程度。 如果怀疑燃油稀释程度不能接受,必须测量机油的运动学粘度。

燃油稀释大于 4%,通常会引起粘度小于规定的粘度级。 如果机油仍符合规定的粘度级别,则燃油稀释可能没有达到不合格水平。 使用下表确定粘度是否达到最低可接收的程度。 表中的粘度指标稍微低于 SAE 粘度级的限制。 但是,这些指标仍能提供适当的发动机保护。

表 1
粘度等级     气相色谱测量的、燃油稀释大于 4%、在 100 °C 时的最低机油粘度     动作    
0W-40
5W-40
10W-40
15W-40    
12.0 cSt     查明燃油稀释的原因或缩短发动机换油周期。    
0W-30
5W-30
10W-30    
9.0 cSt    

确认燃油稀释

始终结合粘度测试与气相色谱测试,得出 4% 以上的结果,以此来确认燃油稀释。 如果不能在当地进行燃油稀释测试,将油样提交 Cat 代理商进行分析。

可能原因

  • 喷油器密封件

  • 喷油器尖端

  • 高压燃油泵的轴密封件

建议的措施

喷油器密封件

查看有无喷油器密封件损坏的迹象。 更换所有漏油的密封件。

喷油器顶端

查看有无喷油器损坏的迹象。 检查喷油器顶端有无裂纹或破裂。 必要时更换单体喷油器。

高压燃油泵的轴密封件

检查高压燃油泵的轴密封件周围有无燃油泄漏。 如果燃油通过轴密封件泄漏,则连接至燃油箱的回油管出现堵塞。 调查堵塞原因,然后维修燃油管。

如果高压燃油泵的轴密封件泄漏,必须更换以下部件:

  • 高压燃油泵

  • 燃油细滤器和滤清器座

  • 燃油细滤器连接至高压燃油泵的管路

  • 输油泵进口调节器(TPIR)

检查从燃油细滤器和高压燃油泵连接至油箱的回油管。 更换任何已被热燃油损坏或变形的管路。

如果故障仍存在,请联系 Cat 代理商的技术通讯员。

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