Cylinder Block and Cylinder Liners
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| Illustration 1 | g00810117 |
(1) Cylinder liner (2) O-ring seal (3) Spacer plate (4) Main bearing cap (5) Bolts | |
Cylinder liners (1) can be removed for replacement. The top surface of the cylinder block is the seat for the cylinder liner flange. Engine coolant flows around the cylinder liners in order to keep the cylinder liners cool. Three O-ring seals (2) and a filler band near the top of the cylinder liner seal the coolant in the cylinder block.
Spacer plate (3) and a gasket is between the cylinder head and the cylinder block.
Main bearing caps (4) are fastened to the cylinder block with two bolts (5) per cap.
Pistons, Rings, and Connecting Rods
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| Illustration 2 | g00810124 |
(1) Piston (2) Piston pin (3) Pin retainer (4) Connecting rod | |
Piston (1) has two compression rings and one oil ring.
The movement of the rings in the piston groove results in a constantly changing clearance between the rings and the grooves. This action (scrubbing) results in both a reduction of carbon deposit and potentially sticky rings. The oil rings are a standard type, and the oil rings are spring loaded. The holes in the oil rings return the engine oil to the crankcase.
The piston has a full floating piston pin (2) that is held in the piston by two pin retainers (3). The pin retainers fit into grooves in the piston pin bore.
The piston pin end of connecting rod (4) is tapered. This provides more bearing surface at the area of highest load. The connecting rod is installed on the piston with the bearing tab slots on the same sides as the "V" mark on the piston. The piston pin holds the connecting rod in place.
Crankshaft
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| Illustration 3 | g00810150 |
(1) Crankshaft (2) Main bearing (3) Thrust plate (4) Crankshaft seal and wear sleeve | |
Crankshaft (1) changes the combustion forces in the cylinder into usable rotating torque which powers the driven equipment.
Pressurized engine oil is supplied to all main bearings (2) through drilled holes in the webs of the cylinder block. The engine oil then flows through drilled holes in the crankshaft in order to provide lubrication to the connecting rod bearings. Two thrust plates (3) on the sides of the rear main bearing controls the end play of the crankshaft.
The crankshaft drives a group of gears on the front and the rear of the engine. The front gear group drives the engine oil pump and the timing gears. The rear gear group drives the camshafts.
Crankshaft seals and wear sleeves (4) are used at both ends of the crankshaft. Engine oil is sealed by the lip seals and the wear sleeves help prevent wear on the crankshaft. The seals and wear sleeves are units that provide easy replacement and reduction of maintenance cost.
Vibration Damper
The vibration damper is used at the front of the crankshaft in order to reduce torsional vibrations (twist) that can cause damage to the engine.