Usage:
Start By:
a. remove cylinder heads
b. remove oil pump
c. remove piston cooling jets
1. Remove the carbon from the top inside surface of the cylinder liners.
2. Turn the crankshaft until two pistons are at bottom center.
3. Remove bearing caps (1) from the two connecting rods. Put pieces of rubber hose or tape on the threads of the connecting rod bolts as protection for the crankshaft.
NOTE: Put identification on each bearing cap so the bearing caps will be installed on the correct connecting rod.
4. Push the pistons up until the piston rings clear the cylinder liner. Remove pistons (2).
| NOTICE |
|---|
Do not turn the crankshaft while any of the connecting rods are in the engine without the caps installed. Do not damage the piston cooling jets when the pistons are removed. |
5. Repeat Steps 1 through 4 for the remainder of the pistons.
Install Pistons
1. Be sure that the pistons are installed with the flat surfaces (2) of the connecting rods toward each other and the chamfered sides (1) toward the crankshaft.
2. Put clean engine oil on the piston rings and cylinder liners.
3. Put two pistons in position opposite of each other in the correct bore of the block. Install pistons (3) with tool (A).
NOTE: For more details on checking bearing clearances and installation of connecting rod bearings, see the topic, "Remove and Install Connecting Rod Bearings" in the Disassembly and Assembly manual.
4. Check the bearing clearances with Plastigage.
5. Put clean engine oil on bolts (4). Install caps (5) and nuts finger tight. Make sure flat side (6) of each cap is toward the other cap. The chamfered side must be toward the crankshaft. Tighten each nut to a torque of 80 ± 8 N·m (60 ± 6 lb ft). Put a mark across the nuts and bolts. Tighten each nut 120 degrees (1/3 turn) more.
| NOTICE |
|---|
Do not use an impact wrench to tighten the nuts the additional 120 degrees. |
6. Check the side clearance between two connecting rods on the same crankshaft journal. Clearance must be 0.28 to 0.84 mm (.011 to .033 in) for new rods.
7. Repeat Steps 1 through 6 for the remainder of the pistons.
End By:
a. install oil pump
b. install cylinder heads
c. install piston cooling jets
Disassemble & Assemble Pistons
Start By:
a. remove pistons
Typical Example
1. Remove bearings (3) from the connecting rod and connecting rod cap.
2. Remove retainer ring (1) with tooling (A).
3. Remove pin (2) and connecting rod (4) from the piston.
4. Remove the piston rings (5) from the piston with tool (B). Clean the piston ring grooves on the pistons with an acceptable ring groove cleaning tool.
5. Remove piston skirt (8) from the crown (7). Remove the bearings (9) from the crown.
NOTE: See "Use of Piston Pin Bearing Removal and Installation Tools", Special Instructions, Form No. SMHS7295.
6. Heat the connecting rod (4) in an oven to a temperature of 177° to 260°C (350° to 500°F). Never use a direct flame to heat a connecting rod.
7. Put connecting rod (4) in position on the base plate of tooling (C). Put a new rod pin bearing (6) on the adapter part of tooling (C).
NOTE: The old bearing is pushed out by tooling (C) as the new bearing is installed.
8. Use tooling (C) to push the new bearing into the connecting rod until the push adapter of tooling (C) makes full contact with the connecting rod surface.
9. Use a pin boring machine to make the rod pin bearing the correct size. The bore in the new rod pin bearing must be 50.830 ± 0.008 mm (2.0012 ± .0003 in).
10. Check the clearance between the ends of the piston rings. "See Pistons and Rings" in the Specifications manual.
11. Install bearings (9) in piston crown (7), and install skirt (8). The depth of the bearings are 1.0 ± 0.1 mm (.039 ± .004 in) from the inside edge of the crown boss. Make sure the holes in the bearings are lined up with the holes in the crown.
12. Install the oil ring spring in the oil ring groove of the piston.
NOTE: The oil ring is to be installed over the spring with the oil ring end gap 180 degrees from the oil ring spring point.
13. Install the oil ring on the piston with tool (B).
14. Install the second (intermediate) piston ring with the side that has the identification "UP-2" toward the top of the piston with tool (B).
15. Install the top ring with the side marked "UP-1" toward the top of the piston with tool (B).
NOTE: After the installation of all three piston rings, put the piston rings in position so the end gaps are 120° apart.
16. Put the piston in position on connecting rod (4). Put clean engine oil on pin (2), and install the pin. Install retainer rings (1) with tool (A). Make sure the retainer rings are in the grooves of the piston.
17. Install bearings (3) in the connecting rod and connecting rod cap.
End By:
a. install pistons