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| Illustration 1 | g06200786 |
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Differential (1) Bevel pinion shaft (2) Gear (3) Oil supply tube (4) Piston (5) Thrust Plate (6) Rotating plate (7) Friction disc (8) Differential Group (9) Axle shaft (10) Differential Bevel Gear (11) Differential case (12) Spider (13) Differential Gear (14) Differential Pinion Gear (15) Bevel Gear (16) Differential carrier | |
A differential divides the power that is sent to the machine wheels. During a turn, the inside wheel turns at a slower rate than the outside wheel. The differential still sends the same amount of torque to each wheel. Each differential has a differential lock. The main component of the differential lock is the clutch pack. When the differential lock control solenoid is energized by the chassis ECM, the clutch pack connects one axle shaft to the differential case. Both axle shafts are connected to form a solid axle with no differential effect.
The inside components of the differential receive lubrication from the oil that is inside the axle housing.
Straight Forward or Straight Reverse Operation
When the machine moves in a straight direction with the same amount of traction under each drive wheel, the same amount of torque that is on each axle holds differential pinion gears (14) so that the pinions do not turn on spider (12).
Gear (2) transmits drive to bevel pinion shaft (1). Bevel pinion shaft (1) turns bevel gear (15) and differential case (11). Differential case (11) turns spider (12). Spider (12) turns differential bevel gear (10) and differential gear (13) through differential pinion gears (14). Differential pinion gears (14) do not turn on spider (12). Differential bevel gear (10) and differential gear (13) turn axle shafts (9). The same amount of torque is sent to each wheel.
Forward or Reverse Turn Operation.
When the machine is turning, the outside wheel starts to rotate faster than the inside wheel.
Bevel pinion shaft (1) turns bevel gear (15) and differential case (11). Differential case (11) turns spider (12). Spider (12) turns differential bevel gear (10) and differential gear (13) through differential pinion gears (14). Differential pinion gears (14) turn around spider (12) because one gear requires more force than the other to turn. As differential pinion gears (14) turn, the pinions move around the side gears, allowing the outside wheel to turn faster than the inside wheel.
The same amount of torque is sent to the inside wheels and to the outside wheels. This torque is only equal to the amount that is necessary to turn the outside wheel.
Loss of Traction (Wheel Slippage)
When one wheel has more traction than the other wheel, the differential operates in the same manner as if the machine is turning. The same amount of torque is sent to both wheels. This torque is only equal to the amount that is necessary to turn the wheel with the least resistance.
Differential Lock Operation
When the differential lock is energized, oil pressure is transmitted through an oil supply tube on the back of the axle housing. Piston (4) is offset against thrust plate (5) which forces rotating plates (6) and friction discs (7) together, locking right axle shaft (9) to the hub assembly. This prevents differential bevel gear (10) from rotating inside differential case (11). Differential pinion gears (14) stop revolving and cause differential gear (13) and left axle shaft (9) to lock. Both axle shafts now rotate at the same speed as the bevel gear and differential case.
Center Axle Through Drive
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| Illustration 2 | g06200808 |
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Center axle (A) Input from the OTG (B) Output to the rear axle | |
The center axle features a through-drive to transmit drive to the rear axle. Power from the OTG is transmitted through a driveshaft to the center axle at (A). Power from the center axle is transmitted through another driveshaft at (B) to the rear axle.