Computer Aided Bucking System (CABSWin/CABSDos) Caterpillar

Programming Example

The tree species that will be used in the example are the following items:

• Pine

• Maple

• Oak

The product levels that will be used in the example are the following items:

• Timber

• Pulp

The quality levels that will be used in the example are the following items:

• Grade 1

• Grade 2

• Grade 3

• Grade 4

The different volumes that are used in the example are the following items:

• m3to will be used for Timber.

• m3f will be used on Pulp.

The selected matrices that are used in the example are the following items:

• Veneer

• Furniture

• Pallet

• Firewood

• Plylog

• Frame

• Stud

• Pulp

Table 1

Example Pine Information
Product Group	Timber			Pulp
Matrix Name	Plylog	Frame	Stud	Pulp
Quality Levels	Grade 1	Grade 2	Grade 3	Grade 4
Length	250 cm (100 inch)	450 cm (175 inch)	250 cm (100 inch)	250 cm (100 inch)
Maximum Diameter	900 mm (35 inch)	400 mm (15.75 inch)	210 mm (8.25 inch)	900 mm (35 inch) (1)
Minimum Diameter	400 mm (15.75 inch)	200 mm (7.9 inch)	125 mm (5 inch)	60 mm (2.4 inch)

( 1 )

Pulp must be produced if a tree is of a poor quality.

Table 2

Example Maple Information
Product Group	Timber			Pulp
Matrix Name	Veneer	Furniture	Pallet	Firewood
Quality Levels	Grade 1	Grade 2	Grade 3	Grade 4
Length	250 cm (100 inch)	300 cm (120 inch)	280 cm (110 inch)	250 to 500 cm (10-20 inch) (2)
Maximum Diameter	900 mm (35 inch)	360 mm (14 inch)	310 mm (12 inch)	900 mm (35 inch)
Minimum Diameter	350 mm (14 inch)	250 mm (10 inch)	125 mm (5 inch)	50 mm (2 inch)

( 2 )

Any length between 250 to 500 cm (10-20 inch) is acceptable as long as the diameter is above 50 mm (2 inch).

Table 3

Example Oak Information
Product Group	Timber			Pulp
Matrix Name	Veneer	Furniture	Pallet	Firewood
Quality Levels	Grade 1	Grade 2	Grade 3	Grade 4
Length	250 cm (98.4250 inch)	350 cm (137.7950 inch)	300 cm (118.1100 inch)	250 to 500 cm (10-20 inch) (2)
Maximum Diameter	900 mm (35 inch)	410 mm (16.1417 inch)	210 mm (8.2677 inch)	900 mm (35 inch)
Minimum Diameter	400 mm (15.75 inch)	200 mm (7.8740 inch)	140 mm (5.5118 inch)	50 mm (2 inch)

( 2 )

Any length between 250 to 500 cm (10-20 inch) is acceptable as long as the diameter is above 50 mm (2 inch).

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Illustration 1	g00832670
(1) "System". (2) "Exit CABSWin". (3) "Kermit". (4) "Information". (5) "File manager". (6) "Operator". (7) "Bucking Instruction". (8) "Eseshell".

1. In the operating mode, select "Settings", "System" (1) and "Bucking Instuction" (7). This will open the software that creates the bucking instructions (AWinApt).

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Illustration 2	g00841109
(9) "Archive". (10) "Show". (11) "Window". (12) "Help". (13) "New". (14) "Open". (15) "Open mould". (16) "Settings". (17) "Exit".

2. Select "Settings" (16). The following window will appear.

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Illustration 3	g00841129
(18) "Settings" (19) "Catalog & filename" (20) "Warning & Errormessages" (21) "Color marking" (22) "Language" (23) "Catalog for bucking instruction" (24) "Browse" (25) "Catalog for machine type" (26) "Catalog for moulds" (27) "Catalog for APM files" (28) "Max 8 characters in filename" (29) "Save line prize information in file" (30) "OK" (31) "Help"

3. Select "Catalog & filename" tab (19) .

4. Alter the data in "Catalog for bucking instruction" field (23). Field (23) should read C:\DASA4\User\Apt\.

   Note: If field (23) is blank, you may use "Browse" (24) in order to create the path.

5. Select "Ok" (30) when you are finished.

   Note: You may change the language at this point. Use "Language" tab (22) in order to change the language.

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Illustration 4	g00842744
(32) "Archive". (33) "Show". (34) "Window". (35) "Help". (36) "New". (37) "Open". (38) "Open mould". (39) "Settings". (40) "Exit".

6. Select "New" (36). The following window will appear.

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Illustration 5	g00842747
(41) "Machine type" (42) "Choose machine type" (43) "Standard" (44) "D4DE (German)" (45) "D4FI (Findland)" (46) "D4SE (Swedish)" (47) "standard" (48) "OK" (49) "Cancel" (50) "Help"

7. Choose the "machine type" with the appropriate language.

8. Select "OK" (48) when you are finished. The following window will appear.

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Illustration 6	g00842779
(51) "Identification" (52) "Administration" (53) "Identification" (54) "Date of cut" (55) "Update date" (56) "Save date" (57) "Version" (58) "Machine type" (59) "Terminal" (60) "Unit number"

9. Select "Identification" tab (51) .

10. Type the name of the bucking instruction in "Identification" field (51) .

11. Select "Administration" tab (52). The following window will appear.

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Illustration 7	g00842792
(51) "Identification" (52) "Administation" (61) "Organization" (62) "Subcontractor" (63) "Region" (64) "Code" (65) "District" (66) "Name" (67) "Working team" (68) "Address" (69) "Wood pile" (70) "Site number" (71) "Buyer" (72) "Marking for cutting" (73) "Vendor" (74) "Compartment number" (75) "Contract number" (76) "Lot number" (77) "Contract number (VIOL)"

12. Enter further information.

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Illustration 8	g00844752
(78) "Open" (79) "Open mould" (80) "Save" (81) "Identity" (82) "Bucking" (83) "Machine" (84) "Matrix summary" (85) "Tree species" (86) "Bark function" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (89) "Product group" (90) "Stem type" (91) "Add" (92) "Remove" (93) "Name on species"

13. Select "Bucking" (82) .

14. Select "Tree species" tab (85). Set the number of "Tree species" that should be included in the bucking instructions. The following tree species are listed in the example in Illustration 8.
    • "Pine"

    • "Maple"

    • "Oak"

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Tree species" for more information about adding tree species.

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Illustration 9	g00844804
(85) "Tree species" (86) "Bark function" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (89) "Product group" (90) "Stem type" (94) "Add" (95) "Remove" (96) "Bark" (97) "OK"

15. Select "Bark function" tab (86). Set the variables for calculating the thickness of bark of different tree species.

16. Select the tree species.

17. Select "Bark" icon (96) in order to select parameters that are preset for your region. Use the figures that are listed in the example in Illustration 9.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Bark function" for more information about adding "Bark functions".

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Illustration 10	g00844842
(85) "Tree species" (86) "Bark function" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (89) "Product group" (90) "Stem type" (97) "Bucking to demand" (98) "Max. deviation" (99) "Piece/per mil" (100) "Value" (101) "Volume/per mil" (102) "Percent" (103) "Piece/100%"

18. Select "Demand" tab (87). Modify the overall settings for the demand bucking in the bucking instructions. Select "Piece/per mil" (99) and "Percent" (102) .

    Note: The "Demand" tab (87) is used only when you are bucking for demand.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Demand" for more information about modifying the overall settings for the demand bucking.

19. If you use "falling grades", a higher grade may be included in a lower grade when the computer estimates the price of an individual log. If you use "specific grades" exclusively, the grade or the grades that are stated in the price matrix are allowed to be included in estimating the price of an individual log.

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Illustration 11	g00844851
(81) "Tree species" (82) "Bark function" (83) "Demand" (85) "Product group" (86) "Stem type" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (100) "Add" (101) "Remove" (102) "Grade system" (103) "Random grade" (104) "Explicit grade" (105) "Start grade" (106) "No. of grade." (107) "Random grade" (108) "Explicit grade" (109) "Start grade" (110) "No. of grade"

20. Select "Grade" tab (88). Determine the "grade" that should be included with each tree specie. Determine the order of each "grade" per tree specie. See the example in Illustration 11.

    Note: Explicit grade is the most common grade that is selected.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Grade" for more information.

21. Select "Start grade" (109) in order to start the bucking on the selected matrix.

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Illustration 12	g00844864
(85) "Tree species" (86) "Bark function" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (89) "Product group" (90) "Stem type" (111) "Add" (112) "Remove"

22. Select "Product group" tab (89). Determine the number of "product groups" that should be included in the bucking instructions. See the example in Illustration 12.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Product Groups" for more information.

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Illustration 13	g00844889
(85) "Tree Species" (86) "Bark function" (87) "Demand" (88) "Grade" (89) "Product group" (90) "Stem type" (111) "Add" (112) "Remove" (113) "Text" (114) "Code"

Note: "Stemtype" option is used only for Finland applications.

23. Select tab (90). Determine the number of "Stem types" that should be included in the bucking instructions. See the example in Illustration 13.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Stem type" for more information.

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Illustration 14	g00844892
(78) "Open" (79) "Open mould" (80) "Save" (81) "Identity" (82) "Bucking" (83) "Machine" (84) "Matrix Summary" (117) "Machine settings" (118) "Calculation length" (119) "Max deviation up" (120) "Measured length before prognosis" (121) "Max deviation down"

24. Select "Machine" tab (83). Set the overall settings for the length value and the diameter values that are used for the forecast of trunk taper. See the example in Illustration 14.

    Reference: See Systems Operation, "Machine Settings" for more information.

Create a "Matrix Overview"

1. Select "Show", "Matrix" and "Matrix overview" from the menu or select "Matrix overview" from the list on the left. The following window will appear.

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Illustration 15	g00839123
(1) "New" (2) "Copy" (3) "Paste" (4) "Delete" (5) "Move up" (6) "Move down" (7) "APM" (8) "Basic settings" (9) "Price matrix" (10) "Other settings" (11) "Price type" (12) "Product group" (13) "Volume type" (14) "Bucking condition" (15) "Free cut"

2. Select the field for the species in order to locate the new matrix. Select "New" (1) and type the name of the new matrix. See the example in Illustration 15.

3. Press "Move up" (5) or "Move down" (6) in order to change the location of the matrix in relation to the other matrices.

4. Select a matrix that should be deleted. You can select several matrices within the same species by keeping the mouse button pressed and dragging the mouse. Then release the mouse button. Select "Delete" (4) .

   Note: A "Delete" cannot be cancelled.

Matrix Variables

You can enter numerical values for the following variables:

• "Set Price Matrix"

• "Code"

• "Max values"

• "Min. top diameter"

• "Over length"

• "Cutting window, Upper and Lower"

• "Diameter type, Distance from top"

• "Tolerance grade, Top and Butt"

1. Select "Show", "Matrix" and "Price Matrix" from the menu or select "Price Matrix" from the list on the left. The following window will appear.

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Illustration 16	g00839970
(1) "Tree species" (2) "Matrix name" (3) "Code" (4) "Product group" (5) "Grade" (6) "Bucking condition" (7) "Price type" (8) "Bark" (9) "On" (10) "Under" (11) "Free cut" (12) "Volume type" (13) "Price" (14) "Color" (15) "Demand" (16) "Limit" (17) "Pole" (18) "Other settings" (19) "Max values" (20) "Cutting window" (21) "Length" (22) "Diameter" (23) "Max root diameter" (24) "Min top diameter" (25) "Over length" (26) "Lower" (27) "Upper"

2. Select a "Tree species" (1) from the drop-down menu. The window will allow you to select a matrix name.

3. Select a "Matrix name" (2) from the drop-down menu.

4. Type additional identification codes for the matrix in "Code" (3) .

5. Select a "Product group" (4) from the drop-down menu.

   The window allows you to associate a matrix to a "Product group" (4). "TIMBER", "PULPWOOD", "POLES", and "MISCELLANEOUS" are examples of a "Product group" (4) .

6. Place a check in the field for "Grade" (5) that is applicable to the matrix. From the menu, select the "Stem type" option.

   Note: The "Stem type" option is intended for Finland users only.

   Note: You can allow quality grades to look at each other. In order to make a cut, CABSWin will select the best matrix value.

7. Select a "Bucking condition" (6) from the drop-down menu. You can choose the following conditions.

   "Buck always" - This is the standard setting. The calculation for the bucking is always done if the matrix is permitted in the selected grade.

   "Buck never" - This is used if you wish to temporarily wish to switch off a matrix. This can also be used to register manually cut timber.

   "Buck butt-log only" - The calculation for the bucking is made for the butt log only. The calculation for the bucking can also be for all logs except the butt log if the matrix is permitted in the selected grade.

   "Buck butt-log never" - Butt logs will not be cut.

8. Select a "Price type" (7) from the drop-down menu. You can choose from the following "price types".
   • "m3to" (top measure)

   • "m3s" (solid measure)

   • "m3smm" ("solid mid measure")

9. In the "Bark" section, indicate whether the volumetric measurement will be calculated on the bark (9) or under the bark (10) .

10. Select "Free cut" (11) in order to indicate that "free cutting" may be made between the minimum length and the maximum length.

11. Select a "Volume type" (12) from the drop-down menu. The following options are available.
    • "Cut length in cm" is normally used for pulp wood.

    • "Required length" is normally used for timber.

    • "Random cut lengths in dm"

12. Select "Price" tab (13) .

13. Set the maximum permitted "Length" (21) for a log to be classified in the price matrix. Observe that there should always be a tolerance between the highest length class in the matrix and the maximum value. Suitable values are 10 to 20 cm for blocks and low quality timber and 20 to 30 cm for timber.

14. Set the maximum permitted top "Diameter" (22) (10 cm from the point of cutting) for a log to be classified in the price matrix. Usually, there is no upper limit in the qualities of timber so the value can be set as 999. Observe that there should always be a tolerance between the highest diameter class in the matrix and the maximum value. A suitable value for blocks and low quality timber is 10 to 20 millimeters. This is the smallest permitted top diameter for a log in order to be classified in the price matrix.

15. Set the maximum permitted "Max root diameter" (23) for a log to be classified in the price matrix. This can be used to prevent coarse butt logs with severe taper from being classified in the matrix.

16. Set the smallest permitted "Min. top diameter" (24) (10 cm from the point of cutting) for a log to be classified in the price matrix. This can be used to switch off the lowest diameter classes. This can be used to prevent the use of timber that has a severe taper.

17. Set the "Over length" (25). The "Over length" (25) is the value that is added to the nominal lengths in the respective matrix.

18. Set the "Upper" limits (26). Set the "Lower" limits (25). This will be your "Cutting window" (20). This is the position of the log that may be cut.
    • "Lower" - Length class length + Over length + value in the box (value can be negative)

    • "Upper" - Length class length + Over length + value in the box (value cannot be negative)

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    Table 4

    Example
    Length class	430 cm
    "Over length"	3 cm
    Lower	-1 cm
    Upper	2 cm

    • Lower limit for the "cutting window" (430 + 3 - 1 = 432 cm)

    • Upper limit for the "cutting window" (430 + 3 + 2 = 435 cm)

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Illustration 17	g00839992
(14) "Price" (15) "Color" (16) "Demand" (17) "Limit" (18) "Pole" (19) "Other settings" (29) "Diameter type" (30) "Tolerence grade" (31) "Principle for registration" (32) "Distance from top" (33) "Top" (34) "Root"

19. Select "Other settings" (19) .

20. Set the "Diameter type" (29). This sets the position on the log. This setting is made in two steps:

    1. Select a "Principle for registration" (31) from the drop-down menu. The following options are available.
       • "Cut length in cm" is normally used for pulp.

       • "Required length" is normally used for timber.

       • "Random cut lengths in dm"

    2. Set the "Distance from top" (32). This is the distance from the registered length.

21. Set the "Tolerance grade" (30). You can allow a log to have a different grade at a certain distance from the "Top" (33) or the "Root" (34) .

Set Diameter Class

There are three ways of selecting the menus for the diameter classes.

Illustration 18	g00839453
(1) "Matrix". (2) "Show". (3) "Window". (4) "Help". (5) "Diameter classes". (6) "Length classes". (7) "Color". (8) "Matrix summary". (9) "Lineprice". (10) "Switch pos. for tabs".

You can select the "Diameter classes" (5) from "Matrix" menu (1).

Illustration 19	g00839476
(11) "Price" (12) "Color" (13) "Demand" (14) "Limit" (15) "Pole" (16) "Other settings" (17) "Max values" (18) "Cutting window" (19) "Length" (20) "Diameter" (21) "Max root diameter" (22) "Min top diameter" (23) "Over length" (24) "Lower" (25) "Upper" (26) "Diameter classes" (27) "Length classes" (28) "Color" (29) "Matrix summary" (30) "Lineprice" (31) "Copy" (32) "Cut" (33) "Paste" (34) "Increase/decrease" (35) "Demand" (36) "Diameter Value"

You can double click on one of the diameter values (36) in the price matrix.

You can right click the mouse in order to select "Diameter classes" (26) .

The following window appears when you select "Diameter classes".

Illustration 20	g00839542
(37) "Diameter classes" (38) "No. of classes" (39) "Interval" (40) "Value for overmeasurement" (41) "Max value" (42) "From" (43) "Until" (44) "Step" (45) "Do" (46) "Do" (47) "Class" (48) "Overmeasure" (49) "Insert" (50) "Remove" (51) "Ok" (52) "Cancel" (53) "Help"

1. You can alter "Max value" (41) for the "Diameter class".

   Note: The value for "Diameter" (20) will change to the same value for "Max value" (41) after you select "OK" (51) .

2. Fill in the lowest diameter value in "From" field (42) and fill in the greatest diameter value in "Until" field (43). Then, fill in the value for the distance between each of the diameter classes in "Step" field (44) .

3. Select "Do" (45) .

4. If you intend to alter a value, select the value and type the new value.

5. If you intend to add a diameter class, select an existing diameter class and select "Insert" (49). The new diameter class will be placed before the existing diameter class. Type the new value.

6. If you intend to remove a diameter class, select the value and select "Remove" (50) .

7. Fill in "Value for overmeasurement" (40) .

8. Select "Do" (46) .

9. Select "OK" (51) when you are finished.

Set Length Class

There are three ways of selecting the menus for the length classes.

Illustration 21	g00839453
(1) "Matrix". (2) "Show". (3) "Window". (4) "Help". (5) "Diameter classes". (6) "Length classes". (7) "Color". (8) "Matrix summary". (9) "Lineprice". (10) "Switch pos. for tabs".

You can select the "Length classes" (6) from "Matrix" menu (1).

Illustration 22	g00839655
(11) "Price" (12) "Color" (13) "Demand" (14) "Limit" (15) "Pole" (16) "Other settings" (17) "Max values" (18) "Cutting window" (19) "Length" (20) "Diameter" (21) "Max root diameter" (22) "Min top diameter" (23) "Over length" (24) "Lower" (25) "Upper" (26) "Diameter classes" (27) "Length classes" (28) "Color" (29) "Matrix summary" (30) "Lineprice" (31) "Copy" (32) "Cut" (33) "Paste" (34) "Increase/decrease" (35) "Demand" (36) "Length Value"

You can double click on one of the length (36) in the price matrix.

You can right click the mouse in order to select "Length classes" (27) .

The following window appears when you select "Length classes".

Illustration 23	g00839659
(37) "Length classes" (38) "No. of classes" (39) "Interval" (40) "Value for overmeasurement" (41) "Max value" (42) "From" (43) "Until" (44) "Step" (45) "Do" (46) "Do" (47) "Class" (48) "Overmeasure" (49) "Insert" (50) "Remove" (51) "Ok" (52) "Cancel" (53) "Help"

1. You can alter "Max value" (41) for the "Length class".

   Note: The value for "Length" (19) will change to the same value for "Max value" (41) after you select "OK" (51) .

2. Fill in the lowest length value in "From" field (42) and fill in the greatest length value in "Until" field (43). Then, fill in the value for the distance between each of the length classes in "Step" field (44) .

3. Select "Do" (45) .

4. If you intend to alter a value, select the value and type the new value.

5. If you intend to add a length class, select an existing length class and select "Insert" (49). The new length class will be placed before the existing length class. Type the new value.

6. If you intend to remove a length class, select the value and select "Remove" (50) .

7. Fill in "Value for overmeasurement" (40) .

8. Select "Do" (46) .

9. Select "OK" (51) when you are finished.

Line Price List

Illustration 24	g00839873
(1) "Archive". (2) "Edit". (3) "Matrix". (4) "Show". (5) "Window". (6) "Help". (7) "Open". (8) "Diameter classes". (9) "Length classes". (10) "Identity". (11) "Administration". (12) "Color". (13) "Bucking". (14) "Matrix summary". (15) "Tree species". (16) "Line price". (17) "Bark function". (18) "Switch pos. for tabs". (19) "Demand". (20) "Grade". (21) "Product group". (22) "Stem type". (23) "Machine". (24) "Pulp". (25) "Matrix". (26) "Matrix summary". (27) "Price matrix". (28) "Line price".

1. Select "Line price" (28) from the list on the left or "Line price" (16) in the "Matrix" menu (3). You can also click the right mouse button. Then, you can select "Line price".

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Illustration 25	g00839908
(29) "Line price" (30) "Basic price" (31) "Add to price matrix" (32) "Recalculate price matrix" (33) "Diameter class" (34) "Value" (35) "Length class" (36) "From" (37) "From" (38) "Correction values" (39) "Correction values" (40) "Ok" (41) "Cancel" (42) "Help"

2. Choose "Add to pricematrix" (31) in order to add the item to the current price matrix or choose "Recalculate pricematrix" (32) in order to recalculate the price matrix.

3. Type in "basic price" (30) of the line price list.

4. Select one of the three options in order to sort the values of diameter class (33) and length class (35) .

   Value (34) - The amount is added for each diameter class (33) or length class (35). For example, When "Basic price" (30) equals 300 and the "Correction" equals 100, the price matrix will show a value of 400.

   % - The amount in the matrix will be calculated with the following formula: Percentage value x Basic price/100.

   %% - The amount in the matrix will be calculated with the following formula: Mil value x Basic price/1000.

5. Type in the correction values for the various diameter classes (33) and length classes (35) .

6. Type the lowest diameter class in "From" field (36) in the price matrix.

7. Type the correction values for the various length classes (38) .

8. If you have the same correction values for all of the diameter classes (33), go to Step 13.

9. If you have different correction values for different diameter classes (33), continue from Step 10.

10. Type the lowest diameter class in "From" field (37) for the next group of correction values.

11. Type the correction values (39) for the group.

12. Repeat Step 10 and Step 11 for further groups of correction values.

13. Select "OK" (40) when you are finished. The values that have been entered will be recalculated and the values will be shown in the price matrix.