Cat Gas Engine Lubricant, Fuel, and Coolant Recommendations Caterpillar

Propane is transported to a site as a liquid. The liquid is converted into a gas at the site.

For the guidelines in this Special Publication, propane must meet these HD-5 specifications ("Gas Processors Association, GPA Standard 2140-97, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Specifications and Test Methods"):

• 95 percent propane

• Remaining 5 percent is not heavier than butane.

The engine must be properly equipped for the use of propane. The use of pistons with a low compression ratio and a derating is required.

HD-5 propane has a Low Heat Value (LHV) between 2427 to 2532 kJ/0.305 m³ (2300 to 2400 Btu/ft³). Due to the higher heat of combustion that is produced by propane, engines that use this fuel will have higher exhaust port temperatures than engines that use dry natural gas.

The higher exhaust temperatures tend to reduce the service life of the cylinder head, of the exhaust manifold, and of the turbocharger.