Usage:
The following instructions will prove helpful to disassemble and assemble machine components. The information should be read and then referred to as necessary.
Safety
The safety symbols in the manual indicate an item or procedure where the use of caution and safety is necessary. ALWAYS heed these symbols.
Your safety and that of others is always the number one consideration when working around machines. Safety is a matter of thoroughly understanding the job to be done and the application of good common sense; not just a matter of "do's" and don'ts."
Cleanliness
Whenever hydraulic, fuel, lubricating oil or air lines are disconnected, clean the point of disconnection and the adjacent area. As soon as the disconnection is made, cap, plug or tape the line or opening to prevent entry of foreign material. The same recommendations for cleaning and covering supply when access covers or inspection plates are removed.
Clean and inspect all parts. Be sure all passages and holes are open. Cover all parts to keep them clean. Be sure parts are clean when installed. Leave new parts in their containers until ready for assembly.
Removal And Installation
Unless otherwise specified, all removals should be accomplished using an adjustable lifting beam. All supporting members (chains and cables) should be parallel to each other and as near perpendicular as possible to the top of the object being lifted.
When it is necessary to remove a component on an angle, remember that the capacity of an eyebolt diminishes as the angle between the supporting members and the object becomes less than 90°. Eyebolts and brackets should never be bent and should only have stress in tension. A length of pipe and a washer can be used, as shown, to help relieve these stresses on eyebolts.
Forged eyebolts are available. Each size eyebolt has a maximum load recommendation.
Some removals require the use of lifting fixtures to obtain proper balance and to provide safe handling.
If a part resists removal, check to be certain all nuts and bolts have been removed and that an adjacent part is not interfering.
Disassembly And Assembly
When assembling a machine, complete each step in turn. Do not partially assemble one part and start assembling some other part. Make all adjustments as recommended. Always check the job after it is completed to see nothing has been overlooked.
First Operation Of A Rebuilt Engine
Use the following procedure:
1. If the diesel engine has a starting engine, use the starting engine to make the engine turn for 10 minutes.
2. Start the diesel engine, then run the engine at low RPM for 10 minutes. Make correct low idle governor adjustment. Check the pressure of the cooling system and the lubrication system. Look for leaks of water and of oil.
3. Run the engine at 3/4 of full RPM with 1/2load for 15 minutes.
4. Run the engine at full RPM and make correct high idle governor adjustment, then run engine at full RPM and with full load for 30 minutes.
Service Tools
Puller Assembly (2 or 3 Arm)
Two or three arm puller assemblies can be used to remove gears, bearing cages, hubs, bearings, shafts, etc.
1-Puller.
1-Puller. 2-Step Plate.
1-Puller. 2-Step Plate.
Bearing Pulling Attachment
Bearing Pulling Attachments can be used with forcing bolts, to remove shafts, bearings, gears, etc. They can be used with Push Pullers to provide a variety of pulling combinations.
1-Bearing Pulling Attachment. 2-Forcing Bolts.
Bearing Cup Pulling Attachment
Bearing Cup Pulling Attachments are used to remove bearing races or cups, sleeve-type bearings, bearings, seats, etc. and can be used with Push Pullers.
1-Screw. 2-Bearing Cup Pulling Attachment. 3-Step Plate.
Push Pullers
Push Pullers can be used to remove pulleys, gears, shafts, etc., and can be used in a variety of pulling combinations.
*1-Adapters. 2-Ratchet Box Wrench. 3-Push Puller. 4-Step Plate. 5-Legs.
*Use as required.
1-Push Puller. 2-Adapter. 3-Step Plate.
1-Ratchet Box Wrench. 2-Push Puller. 3-Reducing Adapter.
1-Push Puller. 2-Ratchet Box Wrench. 3-Step Plate. 4-Bearing Pulling Attachment.
1-Push Puller. 2-Bearing Cup Pulling Attachment. 3-Reducing Adapter.
1-Bearing Pulling Attachment. 2-Push Puller. 3-Reducing Adapter.
Tool Safety
RULE 1-Always use safe tools.
RULE 2-Keep tools in safe condition.
RULE 3-Use the right tool for the job.
RULE 4-Safety sense with tools pays off.
Pressing Parts
When pressing one part into another, use 9M3710 Anti-Seize Compound or a molybdenum disulfide base compound to lubricate the mating surfaces.
Assemble tapered parts dry. Before assembling parts with tapered splines, be sure the splines are clean, dry and free from burrs. Position the parts together by hand to mesh the splines before applying pressure.
If parts which are fitted together with tapered splines are not tight, inspect the tapered splines and discard if worn.
Bolts And Bolt Torque
A bolt which is too long may "bottom" before the head is tight against the part it is to hold. The threads can be damaged when a "long" bolt is removed.
If a bolt is too short, there may not be enough threads engaged to hold the part securely.
Apply proper torque values to all bolts and nuts when assembling Caterpillar equipment. When a specific torque value is required, the value is listed in the SPECIFICATION section of the Service Manual. Tighten all other bolts and nuts for general usage, hydraulic valve bodies, or taperlock studs to the torque values given in the charts.
T-T-T Procedure
A torque-turn-tighten (T-T-T) procedure is used in many specifications and instructions.
1. Clean the bolt and nut threads.
2. Put lubricant on the threads and the seat face of the bolt and the nut.
3. Turn the bolt or the nut tight according to the torque specification.
4. Put a location mark on the part and on the bolt or the nut.
5. Turn the bolt or the nut tighter the amount of degrees according to the specifications.
NOTE: The side of a nut or bolt head can be used for reference if a mark can not be put on.
Torque Wrench Extension
When a torque wrench extension is used with a torque wrench, the torque indication on the torque wrench will be less than the real torque.
TORQUE WRENCH WITH TORQUE WRENCH EXTENSION
E-Torque wrench drive axis-to-torque wrench extension drive axis. W-Mark on handle-to-torque wrench drive axis.
1. Put a mark on the handle. Measure the handle from the mark to the axis of the torque wrench drive (W).
2. Measure the torque wrench extension from the torque wrench drive to the axis of the torque wrench extension drive (E).
3. To get correct torque indication (TI) when the real torque (RT) is known:
Example: W = 12 in. (304.8 mm); E = 2.56 in. (65.0 mm); RT (from specifications) = 125 lb. ft. (170 N·m).
4. Hold the torque wrench handle with the longest finger of the hand over the mark on the handle to get the real torque (RT) with low torque indication (TI) on the torque wrench.
Locks
Flat metal locks must be installed properly to be effective. Bend one end of the lock around the edge of the part. Bend the other end against one flat surface of the nut or bolt head.
Always install new locks in compartments which house moving parts.
When installing lockwashers on housings made of aluminum, use a flat washer between the lockwasher and the housing.
Lines And Wires
When removing or disconnecting a group of lines or wires, tag each one to assure proper assembly.
Lubrication
Where applicable, fill the compartments of the components serviced with the amount, type and grade of lubricant recommended in the Lubrication and Maintenance Information part of this Manual.
Rust Preventive Compound
Clean the rust preventive compound from all machined surfaces of new parts before installing them.
Shims
When shims are removed tie them together and identify them as to location. Keep shims clean and flat until they are reinstalled.
Bearings
Anti-Friction Bearings
When an anti-friction bearing is removed, cover it to keep out dirt and abrasives. Wash bearings in nonflammable cleaning solution and allow them to drain dry. The bearing may be dried with compressed air but DO NOT SPIN THE BEARING.
Discard the bearings if the races and balls or rollers are pitted, scored or burned. If the bearing is serviceable, coat it with oil and wrap it in clean paper. Do not unwrap new bearings until time of installation.
The life of an anti-friction bearing will be shortened if not properly lubricated.
Double Row, Tapered Roller
Double row, tapered roller bearings are precision fit during manufacture and the components are not interchangeable. The cups, cones and spacers are usually etched with the same serial number and letter designator. If no letter designators are found, wire the components together to assure correct installation. Reusable bearing components should be installed in their original positions.
Heating Bearings
Bearings which require expansion for installation should be heated in oil not to exceed 250° F. (121° C.). When more than one part is heated to aid in assembly, they must be allowed to cool and then pressed together again. Parts often separate as they cool and shrink.
Installation
Lubricate new or used bearings before installation. Bearings that are to be preloaded must have a film of oil over the entire assembly to obtain accurate preloading. When installing a bearing, spacer or washer against a shoulder on a shaft, be sure the chamfered side is toward the shoulder.
When pressing bearings into a retainer or bore, apply pressure to the outer race. If the bearing is pressed on the shaft, apply pressure on the inner race.
Preload
Preload is an initial force placed on the bearing at the time of assembly.
Determine preload or end clearance from the SPECIFICATIONS. Care should be exercised in applying preload. Misapplication of preload to bearings requiring end clearance can result in bearing failure.
Sleeve Bearings
DO NOT INSTALL SLEEVE BEARINGS WITH A HAMMER. Use a press if possible and apply the pressure directly in line with the bore. If it is necessary to drive on a bearing use a driver or a bar with a smooth flat end. If a sleeve bearing has an oil hole, align it with the oil hole in the mating part.
Gaskets
Be sure the holes in the gaskets correspond with the lubricant passages in the mating parts. If it is necessary to make gaskets, select stock of the proper type and thickness. Be sure to cut holes properly. Blank gaskets can cause serious damage.
Batteries
Clean batteries by scrubbing with a solution of baking soda and water. Rinse with clear water. After cleaning, dry thoroughly, coat terminals and connections with anti-corrosion compound or grease.
If an engine is not to be used for a long period of time, remove the batteries. Store them in a warm, dry place, on wooden shelves. Never store on concrete. A small charge should be introduced periodically to keep the specific gravity rating at recommended level.
Seals (Lip-Type)
Generally the toe or spring-loaded lip of an oil seal faces the oil being sealed or the oil having the higher pressure. The toe or lip of a grease seal faces away from the lubricant being sealed. Unless otherwise specified, use the preceding rules for installing lip-type seals.
The main parts of a lip-type seal are the case, sealing element, and garter spring. The picture illustrates the construction of a simple lip-type seal. The cross sections show the terms "heel" and "toe" used to identify the sides of various types of seals.
Lubricate the lips of lip-type seals before installation. Use the same type lubricant in which the seal will be operating. Do not use grease on any seal except a grease seal.
If, during installation, the seal lip must pass over a shaft that has splines, a keyway, rough surface or a sharp edge, the lip can be easily damaged. Shim stock or other such material can be formed around the area to provide a smooth surface over which to slide the seal.
