C13 Engines for Caterpillar Built Machines Caterpillar

Timing - Calibrate

Usage:

Use this procedure if the diagnostic code in Table 1 is active.

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Table 1

CDL Code and Description	Comments
261-11 Engine Timing Offset fault	The wiring to the sensors might have the wrong polarity. The timing of the front gear train may be incorrect.
261-13 Engine Timing Calibration : Calibration Required	A timing calibration is required for a new engine, replacing an Electronic Control Module (ECM) that fails to communicate or following work on the front gear train, the camshaft, or the crankshaft.

Table 2 lists the special tools that are required to perform this procedure.

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Table 2
Required Special Tools
Part Number	Description
7X-1171	Transducer Adapter
6V-2197	Transducer
7X-1695	Cable as
170-3519	Harness ⁽¹⁾

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⁽¹⁾	This item is not required if the engine harness has a connector for timing calibration.

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Illustration 1	g03048383
(A) Timing mark (B) Idler gear

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Table 3
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
Note: Test Step 1 applies to C15 and C18 engines only. 1. Check the Gear Train Timing Note: The camshaft gear will be off a half tooth if the engine is timed when Cylinder # 6 is at Top Dead Center (TDC). The engine MUST be timed when Cylinder #1 is at TDC. This could be possible anytime you do not time the engine at the crank to idle gear mesh. Note: Remove the rocker arms before rotating the engine to prevent piston/valve damage from occurring. A. If the engine is at TDC for cylinder 6, remove cam idler gear (B) and rotate the crankshaft 360 degrees and repin the flywheel. B. Install idler gear (B). C. Check timing mark (A). D. Rotate the engine by hand 360° to ensure that the engine rotates freely. If the engine does not rotate freely, the engine is not timed correctly. Remove the front housing and check all timing marks. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, "Gear Group (Front) - Time" for the correct procedure. E. Connect to Cat^® Electronic Technician (ET) and clear the DTC. F. Start the engine.	Gear timing	Result: After starting the engine, the code is still present. Proceed to Test Step 2. Result: After starting the engine, the code did not return.

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Table 4
Crankshaft Rotation
Engine Model	Number of Degrees	Direction of Rotation
C7	100	Normal Rotation
C-9	85	Normal Rotation
C9	85	Normal Rotation
C9.3	85	Normal Rotation
C-10	60	Opposite Normal Rotation
C11	75	Normal Rotation
C-12	60	Opposite Normal Rotation
C13	75	Normal Rotation
C-15	60	Opposite Normal Rotation
C15	60	Opposite Normal Rotation
C-16	60	Opposite Normal Rotation
C18	30	Opposite Normal Rotation

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Table 5
Location of the Timing Calibration Port
Engine Model	Crankshaft Counterweight	Engine Location
C7	3	Left Side
C-9	3	Left Side
C9	3	Left Side
C9.3	3	Left Side
C-10	8	Right Side
C11	8	Left Side
C-12	8	Right Side
C13	8	Left Side
C-15	2	Left Side
C15	2	Left Side
C-16	2	Left Side
C18	2	Left Side

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Table 6
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
2. Install the Transducer Adapter A. Remove the electrical power from the ECM. B. Use the appropriate engine turning tool to put either the No. 1 piston or the No. 6 piston at the top center. Refer to the Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting. C. Refer to Table 4. After the top center position has been located, rotate the crankshaft for the number of degrees that is applicable to your engine model. Be sure to rotate the crankshaft in the direction of rotation that is specified in the Table. D. Refer to Table 5. Locate the engines timing calibration port. E. Remove any components from the timing calibration port. F. Thread the transducer adapter into the port	Transducer adapter	Result: The transducer adapter was installed. Proceed to Test Step 3.
3. Install the Transducer Note: If the crankshaft is not in the correct position when the transducer is installed, the transducer will be damaged when the engine is started. A. Apply clean engine oil to a 2D-6392 O-Ring Seal. Install the O-ring seal on the end of the 6V-2197 Transducer. B. Push the transducer through the transducer adapter until the transducer contacts the crankshaft counterweight. C. Withdraw the transducer 1.0 mm (0.04 inch) and hand tighten the nut on the adapter sleeve to secure the transducer. Move the O-ring seal against the adapter.	Transducer	Result: The transducer was installed. Proceed to Test Step 4.

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Table 7
Terminal Locations for Connection of the 170-3519 Harness
ECM Type	ADEM 3		ADEM 4
Connector	P2	P1	P2	P1
Timing Calibration + (White) (Terminal 1) Location	22	24	26	24
Timing Calibration - (Yellow) (Terminal 2) Location	23	25	36	25

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Table 8
Troubleshooting Test Steps	Values	Results
4. Connect the 7X-1695 Cable as A. If the engine harness is equipped with a connector for timing calibration, connect the 7X-1695 Cable as to the connector for timing calibration and to the transducer. B. If the engine harness is not equipped with a connector for timing calibration, or the connector is not easily accessible, a connector can be installed. The connector can be installed on either ECM connector. C. Refer to Table 7 to determine the proper terminal locations for the connector that is easily accessible. D. Remove the sealing plugs from the appropriate terminals. Do not discard the sealing plugs. The sealing plugs may be reinstalled when the timing calibration is complete. E. Install the WH(White)wire of the 170-3519 Harness into the appropriate location. F. Install the YL(Yellow)wire of the 170-3519 Harness into the appropriate location. Disregard the pin-outs on the label of the harness. G. Ensure that each wire is installed into the correct location. The timing calibration will not be successful if the wires are installed incorrectly.	Wiring	Result: The wiring is installed correctly. Proceed to Test Step 5.
5. Check for Codes A. Connect Cat^® Electronic Technician (ET) to the service tool connector. B. Start the engine and run the engine until the engine is at the normal operating temperature. C. Check for active diagnostic codes. Wait at least 30 seconds in order for the codes to become active. Note: The engine must not have any active diagnostic codes during the timing calibration except for a 261-13 diagnostic code.	Codes	Result: There are active codes other than a 261-13 diagnostic code. Repair: Troubleshoot the active diagnostic other than the 261-13 diagnostic code. Result: There are no active codes other than a 261-13 diagnostic code. Proceed to Test Step 6.
6. Calibrate the Timing A. After the engine has warmed up, access the "Timing Calibration" screen on the Cat ET. Access the following display screens in order: - Service - Calibrations - Timing Calibration B. Set the engine speed to 1100 ± 50 rpm. Note: The engine speed must be steady within this rpm range in order for the calibration to be successful. C. To calibrate the timing, select "Continue" on Cat ET. Wait until Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated. D. Perform the following procedure if Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated: 1. Set the engine speed to low idle. 2. Disconnect the 7X-1695 Cable as before you exit the "Timing Calibration" screen. Otherwise, diagnostic codes may be activated. 3. Exit the "Timing Calibration" screen on Cat ET. 4. Remove the electrical power from the ECM. 5. Remove the transducer and remove the transducer adapter. 6. Reinstall the original components into the timing calibration port. 7. If a 170-3519 Harness was installed, the harness may be removed or permanently installed for future use. If removed, install the sealing plugs into the unused cavities of the ECM connector to prevent moisture and debris from entering the connector. 8. If permanently installing the harness, fasten the harness to the existing engine wiring harness with cable ties. Also, install a 3E-3364 Receptacle and two 8T-8737 Seal Plugs on the P400timing calibration probe connector to prevent moisture and debris from entering the connector.	Timing calibration	Result: The timing calibration was successful. Return the unit to service. Result: The timing calibration was not successful. Repair: The following conditions can cause the timing calibration to fail: 1. The crankshaft and camshaft gears have been reassembled incorrectly. 2. The timing calibration probe is not installed correctly. 3. The engine speed is not correct and the engine speed is unstable. If the engine speed is unstable, refer to Troubleshooting, "Engine Misfires, Runs Rough, or Is Unstable". 4. There is a problem with the transducer or with the cables. Obtain a new transducer and/or a new cable and repeat the timing calibration. 5. There is an active 190-8 code or an active 342–8 code. Troubleshoot the active codes before calibration. Correct any of the above conditions and repeat the calibration procedure.

If the problem is not resolved, contact your Technical Communicator (TC). For further assistance, the TC can confer with the Dealer Solutions Network (DSN).