Introduction
The transmission has five hydraulically activated clutches. This gives the transmission three speeds FORWARD and three speeds REVERSE.
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| Illustration 1 | g00298858 |
Clutch operation (typical example) (1) Piston. (2) Spring. (3) Plates. (4) Clutch housing. (5) Discs. (6) Ring gear. | |
The five transmission clutches are the disc type. These clutches are in separate housings. Each clutch has discs (5) and plates (3) . The inside teeth of discs (5) are engaged with the outside teeth of ring gear (6) . Notches on the outside diameter of plates (3) are engaged with pins in the clutch housing. The pins keep the plates from rotating.
In the example in illustration 1, springs (2) are between clutch housing (4) and piston (1) . The springs keep the clutches disengaged. The clutches are engaged when oil is sent into the area behind piston (1) .
When the pressure of the oil in the area behind the piston increases, the piston moves to the right. The piston moves against the force of spring (2) , pushing the discs and plates together. The clutch is now engaged. The discs keep ring gear (6) from rotation. When the clutch is released, the pressure in the area behind piston (1) decreases and the force of spring (2) moves the piston to the left. The discs and plates now move apart and the clutch is not engaged.
| Transmission Speed and Clutches Engaged | ||
|---|---|---|
| Transmission Speed | Direction | Transmission Clutches Engaged |
| First Speed | FORWARD | 2 and 5 |
| Second Speed | FORWARD | 2 and 4 |
| Third Speed | FORWARD | 2 and 3 |
| NEUTRAL | 3 | |
| First Speed | REVERSE | 1 and 5 |
| Second Speed | REVERSE | 1 and 4 |
| Third Speed | REVERSE | 1 and 3 |
Both a speed clutch and a direction clutch must be engaged in order to send power through the transmission. Table 1 lists the combination of the clutches that are engaged for the different FORWARD and REVERSE speeds.
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| Illustration 2 | g00298718 |
Transmission components (1) Ring gear for no. 1 clutch. (2) No. 1 clutch is REVERSE. (3) No. 2 and No. 3 carrier. (4) No. 2 clutch is FORWARD. (5) Ring gear for no. 2 clutch. (6) No. 3 clutch is THIRD SPEED. (7) Ring gear for no. 3 clutch. (8) No. 4 clutch is SECOND SPEED. (9) Ring gear for no. 4 clutch. (10) No. 5 clutch is FIRST SPEED. (11) hub. (12) No. 4 carrier. (13) No. 4 sun gear. (14) Input shaft. (15) Output shaft. (16) No. 4 planetary gears. (17) No. 3 sun gear. (18) No. 3 planetary gears. (19) No. 2 planetary gears. (20) No. 2 sun gear. (21) Coupling gear. (22) No. 1 planetary gears. (23) No. 1 sun gear. (24) No. 1 carrier. | |
The transmission is fastened to the case at the rear of the machine. Power from the torque converter is sent to input shaft (14) by a drive shaft. Power flows from the transmission through output shaft (15) . The power then flows from the output shaft to the transfer gears.
The transmission has five hydraulically activated clutches. These clutches have three speeds FORWARD and three speeds in REVERSE. Both speed and direction are selected by the operator.
The No. 1 and the No. 2 clutches are the direction clutches. These clutches are located at the rear of the transmission. The No. 1 clutch is the REVERSE direction clutch. The No. 2 clutch is the FORWARD direction clutch.
The No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 clutches are the speed clutches. The No. 3 clutch gives THIRD speed. The No. 4 clutch gives SECOND speed. The No. 5 clutch gives FIRST speed.
The No. 5 clutch is the only clutch that turns.
NEUTRAL
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| Illustration 3 | g00298719 |
Power flow with the transmission in NEUTRAL. The No. 3 clutch is engaged. (3) No. 2 and 3 carrier. (6) No 3 clutch (third speed). (7) Ring gear for No. 3 clutch. (14) Input shaft. (15) Output shaft. | |
When the transmission is in NEUTRAL, the No. 3 clutch (6) is engaged. The No. 3 clutch holds ring gear (7) stationary. Ring gear (7) is connected to No. 2 and No. 3 carrier.
As only the No. 3 clutch (16) is engaged, input shaft (14) turns but output shaft (15) remains stationary.
First Speed FORWARD
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| Illustration 4 | g00298720 |
Power flow with the transmission in first speed FORWARD. The No. 2 clutch and the No. 5 clutch are engaged. (3) No. 2 and No. 3 carrier. (4) No. 2 clutch is FORWARD. (5) Ring gear for no. 2 clutch. (7) Ring gear for no. 3 clutch.. (9) Ring gear for no. 4 clutch. (10) No. 5 clutch is FIRST SPEED. (11) Hub. (12) No. 4 carrier. (13) No. 4 sun gear. (14) Input shaft. (15) Output shaft. (16) No. 4 planetary gears. (17) No. 3 sun gear. (18) No. 3 planetary gears. (19) No. 2 planetary gears. (20) No. 2 sun gear. | |
When the transmission is in first speed FORWARD, No. 5 clutch (10) and No. 2 clutch (4) are engaged.
The No. 2 clutch holds ring gear (5) for the No. 2 clutch stationary. The No. 5 clutch connects hub (11) to No. 4 carrier (12) and No. 3 ring gear (7) .
Input shaft (14) turns No. 2 sun gear (20) . No. 2 sun gear turns No. 2 planetary gears (19) . The No. 2 clutch holds ring gear (5) stationary. This causes planetary gears (19) to rotate inside the ring gear.
The movement of the planetary gears causes the No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) to turn in the same direction as input shaft (14) . As the No. 2 and No. 3 carrier turns, No. 3 planetary gears (18) turn.
The No. 3 planetary gears turn ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch and No. 3 sun gear (17) . The No. 3 sun gear turns output shaft (15) .
Ring gear (7) turns No. 4 carrier (12) .
No. 4 planetary gears (16) are connected to No. 4 ring gear (9) . Ring gear (9) is connected to hub (11) through the engaged No. 5 clutch. Power flows from carrier (12) to planetary gears (16) , to ring gear (9) , to the No. 5 clutch, and then through hub (11) to output shaft (15) .
As a result, torque to output shaft (15) is divided through No. 3 sun gear (17) , No. 4 sun gear (13) , and hub (11) . From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
Second Speed FORWARD
When the transmission is in second speed FORWARD, No. 4 clutch (8) and No. 2 clutch (4) are engaged.
The No. 2 clutch holds ring gear (5) for the No. 2 clutch stationary. The No. 4 clutch holds ring gear (9) for the No. 4 clutch stationary. Input shaft (14) turns No. 2 sun gear (20) . No. 2 sun gear turns No. 2 planetary gears (19) .
Ring gear (5) is held stationary by the No. 2 clutch. This causes planetary gears (19) to rotate inside the ring gear. The movement of planetary gears (19) causes No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) to turn in the same direction as input shaft (14) .
As the No. 2 and No. 3 carrier turns, No. 3 planetary gears (18) turn. The No. 3 planetary gears turn ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch and No. 3 sun gear (17) . No. 3 sun gear (17) turns output shaft (15) . Ring gear (7) turns No. 4 carrier (12) .
Ring gear (9) is held stationary by the No. 4 clutch. This causes planetary gears (16) to rotate inside the ring gear. The movement of planetary gears (16) causes No. 4 sun gear (13) to turn. The No. 4 sun gear turns output shaft (15) .
As a result, torque to output shaft (15) is divided through No. 3 sun gear (17) and No. 4 sun gear (13) . From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
Third Speed FORWARD
When the transmission is in third speed FORWARD, No. 2 and No. 3 clutches are engaged.
The No. 2 clutch holds ring gear (5) for the No. 2 clutch stationary.
The No. 3 clutch holds ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch stationary. Input shaft (14) turns No. 2 sun gear (20) . No. 2 sun gear turns No. 2 planetary gears (19) .
Ring gear (5) is held stationary by the No. 2 clutch. This causes planetary gears (19) to rotate inside the ring gear. The movement of planetary gears (19) causes No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) to turn in the same direction as input shaft (14) .
Ring gear (7) is held stationary by the No. 3 clutch. The movement of No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) causes No. 3 planetary gears (19) to rotate inside the ring gear.
The movement of planetary gears (19) causes No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) to turn in the same direction as input shaft (14) .
Ring gear (7) is held stationary by the No. 3 clutch. The movement of No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) causes No. 3 planetary gears (18) to rotate inside the ring gear.
The movement of planetary gears (18) causes No. 3 sun gear (17) to turn. No. 3 sun gear turns output shaft (15) .
From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
First Speed REVERSE
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| Illustration 5 | g00298721 |
Power flow with the transmission in first speed REVERSE. The No. 1 and the No. 5 clutches are engaged. (1) Ring gear for no. 1 clutch. (2) No. 1 clutch is REVERSE. (3) No. 2 and No. 3 carrier. (7) Ring gear for no. 3 clutch. (10) No. 5 clutch is FIRST SPEED. (11) Hub. (12) No. 4 carrier. (13) No. 4 sun gear. (14) Input shaft. (15) Output shaft. (16) No. 4 planetary gears. (17) No. 3 sun gear. (18) No. 3 planetary gears. (21) Coupling gear. (22) No. 1 planetary gears. (23) No. 1 sun gear. (24) No. 1 carrier. | |
When the transmission is in first speed REVERSE, No. 1 clutch (2) and No. 5 clutch (10) are engaged. The No. 1 clutch holds ring gear (1) for the No. 1 clutch stationary. The No. 5 clutch connects hub (11) to No. 4 carrier (12) and No. 3 ring gear (7) .
Input shaft (14) turns No. 1 sun gear (23) . No. 1 sun gear turns No. 1 planetary gears (22) . No. 1 carrier (24) has a direct mechanical connection with ring gear (1) .
Ring gear (1) and No. 1 carrier (24) are held stationary by the No. 1 clutch. The rotation of No. 1 planetary gears (22) causes coupling gear (21) to turn in the opposite direction from input shaft (14) . Coupling gear (21) has a direct mechanical connection with No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) .
As the No. 2 and No. 3 carrier turns, No. 3 planetary gears (18) turn. The No. 3 planetary gears turn ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch and No. 3 sun gear (17) . No. 3 sun gear (17) turns output shaft (15) .
Ring gear (7) turns No. 4 carrier (12) . No. 4 carrier is connected to No. 4 planetary gears (16) . No. 4 planetary gears are connected to No. 4 ring gear (9) . Ring gear (9) is connected to hub (11) through the engaged No. 5 clutch. Power flows from carrier (12) to planetary gears (16) , to ring gear (9) , to the No. 5 clutch, and then through hub (11) to output shaft (15) .
As a result, torque to output shaft (15) is divided through No. 3 sun gear (17) , No. 4 sun gear (13 ) , and hub (11) . From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
Second Speed REVERSE
When the transmission is in second speed REVERSE, the No. 1 clutch (2) and No. 4 clutch (8) are engaged.
The No. 1 clutch holds ring gear (1) for the No. 1 clutch stationary. The No. 4 clutch holds ring gear (9) for the No. 4 clutch stationary.
Input shaft (14) turns No. 1 sun gear (23) . No. 1 sun gear turns No. 1 planetary gears (22) . No. 1 carrier (24) has a direct mechanical connection with ring gear (1) .
Ring gear (1) and No. 1 carrier (24) are held stationary by the No. 1 clutch.
The rotation of the No. 1 planetary gears (22) causes coupling gear (21) to turn in the opposite direction of input shaft (14) . Coupling gear (21) has a direct mechanical connection with No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) .
As the No. 2 and No. 3 carriers turn, No. 3 planetary gears (18) turn. The No. 3 planetary gears turn ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch and No. 3 sun gear (17) . No. 3 sun gear turns output shaft (15) . Ring gear (7) turns No. 4 carrier (12) .
Ring gear (9) is held stationary by the No. 4 clutch. This causes planetary gears (16) to rotate inside the ring gear. The movement of planetary gears (16) causes No. 4 sun gear (13) to turn. The No. 4 sun gear turns output shaft (15) .
As a result, torque to output shaft (15) is divided through No. 3 sun gear (17) and No. 4 sun gear (13) . From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
Third Speed REVERSE
When the transmission is in third speed REVERSE, the No. 1 clutch (2) and No. 3 clutch (6) are engaged.
The No. 1 clutch holds ring gear (1) for the No. 1 clutch stationary. The No. 3 clutch holds ring gear (7) for the No. 3 clutch stationary.
Input shaft (14) turns No. 1 sun gear (23) . No. 1 sun gear turns No. 1 planetary gears (22) . No. 1 carrier (24) has a direct mechanical connection with ring gear (1) .
Ring gear (1) and No. 1 carrier (24) are held stationary by the No. 1 clutch.
The rotation of No. 1 planetary gears (22) causes coupling gear (21) to turn in the opposite direction as input shaft (14) .
Coupling gear (21) has a direct mechanical connection with No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) .
As ring gear (7) is held stationary by the No. 3 clutch, the movement of No. 2 and No. 3 carrier (3) causes No. 3 planetary gears (18) to rotate inside the ring gear.
The movement of planetary gears (18) causes No. 3 sun gear (17) to turn. No. 3 sun gear (17) turns output shaft (15) . From the output shaft, power flows through the transfer and bevel gears to the steering clutches and brakes.
Planetary Lubrication
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| Illustration 6 | g00298722 |
Planetary lubrication (3) No. 2 and 3 carrier. (11) Hub. (14) Input shaft. (24) No. 1 carrier. (25) Cavity. (26) Passage. (27) Cavity. (28) Tube assembly. (29) Manifold. (30) Cavity. | |
The oil for lubrication of the transmission comes from the oil cooler.
Oil from the oil cooler flows through tube assembly (28) to manifold (29) . Oil from manifold (29) flows through passage (26) to cavity (30) and the drilled passages in input shaft (14) . Passage (26) is formed by the clutch housings.
Cavity (30) sends oil to cavity (25) . Drilled passages in the No. 1 carrier (24) and the No. 2 and 3 carrier (3) send oil to the directional clutches and the No. 3 clutch.
Oil is metered to the directional clutches. The FORWARD ring gear and the REVERSE ring gear have drilled oil passages. Oil flows through the drilled passages to the directional clutches.
Oil comes through the drilled passages in input shaft (14) and flows to the clearance between the input shaft and the output shaft. The oil lubricates bearings at both ends of the output shaft. The oil then flows through drilled passages in the output shaft to cavity (27) and hub (11) .
Planetary bearings and thrust discs get oil from cavities (30) and (27) through the drilled passages in the planetary shafts. Drilled passages in hub (11) and the ring gear for the No. 4 clutch send oil to the No. 5 and No. 4 clutches for lubrication.
The gears throw oil around the housing and this lubricates the rest of the components. Oil is also released at pressure/flow points. Lubrication oil flows through the clutches and drains to the bottom of the transmission case.